{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP","short_pith_number":"pith:7NI2IJ6R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2412.08434","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T14:55:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"97bb5e2f17154f7059d38df6b5bae3e2b4d0a39e6b9ed118275e11393b9031b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"159e33e08d6877f88e84f3caa5a668058ed0f9d45bd1169c10d147f9d5181712"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb51a427d14442fb816813688c369823c1349f5d4221e245dde70226114d1cd4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2412.08434","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2412.08434","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2412.08434v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2412.08434","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7NI2IJ6RIRBP","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALI","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7NI2IJ6R","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2412.08434","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T14:55:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"97bb5e2f17154f7059d38df6b5bae3e2b4d0a39e6b9ed118275e11393b9031b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"159e33e08d6877f88e84f3caa5a668058ed0f9d45bd1169c10d147f9d5181712"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb51a427d14442fb816813688c369823c1349f5d4221e245dde70226114d1cd4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56.922151Z","signature_b64":"O0wpGG7JA4NboNsumGxAU3i8G5GNNGUzsPsemzIOH6QgUAMxNBIRP+9BOV0+qNBeV1P0Ownft7tcV7+jtFUZDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fb51a427d14442fb816813688c369823c1349f5d4221e245dde70226114d1cd4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56.921789Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56.921789Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2412.08434","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SSK86SXT6vVIjKhcjchqHZ1LSvTMcbrcWVXPIbdZNTIwtWFZMkWk3BZr2sAgF3HfKbYeXx3VKeOW1lnHVCNrCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T23:52:28.938179Z"},"content_sha256":"b15cbf4e69128e9064f6b84bb217a358d0438dc660a973ffd9015d4a85a70ba5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b15cbf4e69128e9064f6b84bb217a358d0438dc660a973ffd9015d4a85a70ba5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mitigating Out-of-Entity Errors in Named Entity Recognition: A Sentence-Level Strategy","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Chengwei Hu, Deqing Yang, Guochao Jiang, Zepeng Ding, Ziqin Luo","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T14:55:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"Many previous models of named entity recognition (NER) suffer from the problem of Out-of-Entity (OOE), i.e., the tokens in the entity mentions of the test samples have not appeared in the training samples, which hinders the achievement of satisfactory performance. To improve OOE-NER performance, in this paper, we propose a new framework, namely S+NER, which fully leverages sentence-level information. Our S+NER achieves better OOE-NER performance mainly due to the following two particular designs. 1) It first exploits the pre-trained language model's capability of understanding the target entit"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2412.08434","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2412.08434/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hvoVcDOQx3dx9iH/6dEINQReDfrcubMiIsF4vGIfeaQWnTlXdTkBxVC6om8fJRFYahcMQAzFFgKrIytBJ6GVDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T23:52:28.938732Z"},"content_sha256":"b8b004aa479a8040b8f1d9de27c07fd15f7f559d69d86b0b314103ca8fb94f38","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b8b004aa479a8040b8f1d9de27c07fd15f7f559d69d86b0b314103ca8fb94f38"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-15T23:52:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALICNUIYNUYEP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"159e33e08d6877f88e84f3caa5a668058ed0f9d45bd1169c10d147f9d5181712","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T14:55:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"97bb5e2f17154f7059d38df6b5bae3e2b4d0a39e6b9ed118275e11393b9031b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2412.08434","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2412.08434","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2412.08434v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2412.08434","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7NI2IJ6RIRBP","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7NI2IJ6RIRBPXALI","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7NI2IJ6R","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b8b004aa479a8040b8f1d9de27c07fd15f7f559d69d86b0b314103ca8fb94f38","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2412.08434/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Many previous models of named entity recognition (NER) suffer from the problem of Out-of-Entity (OOE), i.e., the tokens in the entity mentions of the test samples have not appeared in the training samples, which hinders the achievement of satisfactory performance. To improve OOE-NER performance, in this paper, we propose a new framework, namely S+NER, which fully leverages sentence-level information. Our S+NER achieves better OOE-NER performance mainly due to the following two particular designs. 1) It first exploits the pre-trained language model's capability of understanding the target entit","authors_text":"Chengwei Hu, Deqing Yang, Guochao Jiang, Zepeng Ding, Ziqin Luo","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T14:55:48Z","title":"Mitigating Out-of-Entity Errors in Named Entity Recognition: A Sentence-Level Strategy"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2412.08434","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b15cbf4e69128e9064f6b84bb217a358d0438dc660a973ffd9015d4a85a70ba5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"159e33e08d6877f88e84f3caa5a668058ed0f9d45bd1169c10d147f9d5181712","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T14:55:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"97bb5e2f17154f7059d38df6b5bae3e2b4d0a39e6b9ed118275e11393b9031b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2412.08434","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"fb51a427d14442fb816813688c369823c1349f5d4221e245dde70226114d1cd4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fb51a427d14442fb816813688c369823c1349f5d4221e245dde70226114d1cd4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56.921789Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56.921789Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"O0wpGG7JA4NboNsumGxAU3i8G5GNNGUzsPsemzIOH6QgUAMxNBIRP+9BOV0+qNBeV1P0Ownft7tcV7+jtFUZDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:56.922151Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2412.08434","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b15cbf4e69128e9064f6b84bb217a358d0438dc660a973ffd9015d4a85a70ba5","sha256:b8b004aa479a8040b8f1d9de27c07fd15f7f559d69d86b0b314103ca8fb94f38"],"state_sha256":"2ab164130fef4b7b3f9c5c28a2909a63cc8725360e5e0a754839116cbc170709"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QtOy0bCLpMD3fAHVXYyTUUxhwtDk8dPUBfApg2Zh9FS8bZaVi0uBntw4KOwYxKqud7jaqhkDGbc+PKNzOKDtCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T23:52:28.945019Z","bundle_sha256":"4c6cd3cc069e033d089eace799274e5af421b30fbf38706185517aaca4c2cc24"}}