{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2","short_pith_number":"pith:7OOWD63A","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.12024","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-18T17:56:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7910ec7409de506cb1082cb31c4d3161e49ecf03138a40984ecb0f7f2642feed","abstract_canon_sha256":"669e6cea46e613a1376b8c79759523b981f27fd3af0d1216437e47b73eae36ed"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb9d61fb60494139668ff7574401d7668216662e92febf0f8289d11583388cd2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.12024","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.12024","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.12024v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.12024","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7OOWD63AJFAT","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7OOWD63AJFATSZUP","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7OOWD63A","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.12024","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-18T17:56:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7910ec7409de506cb1082cb31c4d3161e49ecf03138a40984ecb0f7f2642feed","abstract_canon_sha256":"669e6cea46e613a1376b8c79759523b981f27fd3af0d1216437e47b73eae36ed"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fb9d61fb60494139668ff7574401d7668216662e92febf0f8289d11583388cd2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50.777595Z","signature_b64":"RIjild9FM3Ix9aB0mpkpMOX0v/idIsrqzEqDIyd1WptfFGY8/VR8nGEieFvKeWRPF2Wk7eVMKT+otOny5HRVBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fb9d61fb60494139668ff7574401d7668216662e92febf0f8289d11583388cd2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50.777086Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50.777086Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.12024","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FERNX+JtwtJbtgSM3xmY6HpY0HSmh1EuEi0VTzh5lITWyk5vvB99j7bvQzRDAmUUEvRhS/1nSvzzivNNY416DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T10:46:38.394705Z"},"content_sha256":"3f1e75318d57af750a3103da2cc51c09f7fd173a347a86b15b085276cea4b2f7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3f1e75318d57af750a3103da2cc51c09f7fd173a347a86b15b085276cea4b2f7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Enhancing Taiwanese Hokkien Dual Translation by Exploring and Standardizing of Four Writing Systems","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Bo-Han Lu, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Richard Tzong-Han Tsai, Yi-Hsuan Lin","submitted_at":"2024-03-18T17:56:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"Machine translation focuses mainly on high-resource languages (HRLs), while low-resource languages (LRLs) like Taiwanese Hokkien are relatively under-explored. The study aims to address this gap by developing a dual translation model between Taiwanese Hokkien and both Traditional Mandarin Chinese and English. We employ a pre-trained LLaMA 2-7B model specialized in Traditional Mandarin Chinese to leverage the orthographic similarities between Taiwanese Hokkien Han and Traditional Mandarin Chinese. Our comprehensive experiments involve translation tasks across various writing systems of Taiwanes"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.12024","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.12024/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"seiglnqNeHizoPfFdLvM+xxD9aOhMu8yOLvXx79m9OdpU0aj3dLvwtW23y25Urd4R+PzWsLwl4I9QANmymEUAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T10:46:38.395641Z"},"content_sha256":"cd49269c7e8ccd76fc1e8b403b46c3f82e43256fd170e03ed1684020a756564d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cd49269c7e8ccd76fc1e8b403b46c3f82e43256fd170e03ed1684020a756564d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T10:46:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:7OOWD63AJFATSZUP65LUIAOXM2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"669e6cea46e613a1376b8c79759523b981f27fd3af0d1216437e47b73eae36ed","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-18T17:56:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"7910ec7409de506cb1082cb31c4d3161e49ecf03138a40984ecb0f7f2642feed"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.12024","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.12024","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.12024v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.12024","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7OOWD63AJFAT","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7OOWD63AJFATSZUP","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7OOWD63A","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cd49269c7e8ccd76fc1e8b403b46c3f82e43256fd170e03ed1684020a756564d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.12024/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Machine translation focuses mainly on high-resource languages (HRLs), while low-resource languages (LRLs) like Taiwanese Hokkien are relatively under-explored. The study aims to address this gap by developing a dual translation model between Taiwanese Hokkien and both Traditional Mandarin Chinese and English. We employ a pre-trained LLaMA 2-7B model specialized in Traditional Mandarin Chinese to leverage the orthographic similarities between Taiwanese Hokkien Han and Traditional Mandarin Chinese. Our comprehensive experiments involve translation tasks across various writing systems of Taiwanes","authors_text":"Bo-Han Lu, En-Shiun Annie Lee, Richard Tzong-Han Tsai, Yi-Hsuan Lin","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-18T17:56:13Z","title":"Enhancing Taiwanese Hokkien Dual Translation by Exploring and Standardizing of Four Writing Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.12024","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3f1e75318d57af750a3103da2cc51c09f7fd173a347a86b15b085276cea4b2f7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"669e6cea46e613a1376b8c79759523b981f27fd3af0d1216437e47b73eae36ed","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-18T17:56:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"7910ec7409de506cb1082cb31c4d3161e49ecf03138a40984ecb0f7f2642feed"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.12024","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"fb9d61fb60494139668ff7574401d7668216662e92febf0f8289d11583388cd2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fb9d61fb60494139668ff7574401d7668216662e92febf0f8289d11583388cd2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50.777086Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50.777086Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RIjild9FM3Ix9aB0mpkpMOX0v/idIsrqzEqDIyd1WptfFGY8/VR8nGEieFvKeWRPF2Wk7eVMKT+otOny5HRVBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:50.777595Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.12024","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3f1e75318d57af750a3103da2cc51c09f7fd173a347a86b15b085276cea4b2f7","sha256:cd49269c7e8ccd76fc1e8b403b46c3f82e43256fd170e03ed1684020a756564d"],"state_sha256":"78fa3794fab06e1c626a1a414b66943c345816e0233dd705129eaeb07f57aec1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Z4rbiBj0pswoXhXQ8EI/OizQi3rlf/dv6+1+ZWTKnjvmJ8+tZtgHlqxP8NIx48QYGyrJp7PI6ULtntScxBhgAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T10:46:38.403115Z","bundle_sha256":"2b4961d74970d689f1c91cf2b3b5e8ce20ab35b29032b7cb1d9cf2c540550c00"}}