{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6","short_pith_number":"pith:7SU6WWJB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.7216","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-28T12:24:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3f47011233c9cda1b1830bd62bd7e1ad47502f360719fb6d06ece65717b6719c","abstract_canon_sha256":"3f2b290ce8c4922027601c7bbaf111250e4a7c0ca0c9a1cfb8a5469bcd1d3830"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fca9eb5921cf21be15b96bfc2931502fa0660080a01a8e3fc72c8e0530b3dcb8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1405.7216","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.7216","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.7216v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.7216","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7SU6WWJBZ4Q3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7SU6WWJB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.7216","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-28T12:24:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3f47011233c9cda1b1830bd62bd7e1ad47502f360719fb6d06ece65717b6719c","abstract_canon_sha256":"3f2b290ce8c4922027601c7bbaf111250e4a7c0ca0c9a1cfb8a5469bcd1d3830"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fca9eb5921cf21be15b96bfc2931502fa0660080a01a8e3fc72c8e0530b3dcb8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44.060364Z","signature_b64":"d5Uabvp55/hma+OUA98XsGD6cOHgFa6o6EOtIKEciD1OMeQ/CP8dYwdVBxaxYdmK0aXH0vr/N8vGAF1if7CFAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fca9eb5921cf21be15b96bfc2931502fa0660080a01a8e3fc72c8e0530b3dcb8","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44.059894Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44.059894Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1405.7216","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kbtLrVNm4M5YjaQ05PD1UGfvtTly+ssthN07QjLClETRt3ta8IZr8ZBBYVpfdzWHBjxm+GBoL9gBdpSh/mskBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:53:36.040715Z"},"content_sha256":"8cbe0e780d7bbe1be2a85f70e2f8d89d4a3c537d4594a7dc2e6d91e0180461e8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8cbe0e780d7bbe1be2a85f70e2f8d89d4a3c537d4594a7dc2e6d91e0180461e8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The inception of pulsed discharges in air: simulations in background fields above and below breakdown","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"Anbang Sun, Jannis Teunissen, Ute Ebert","submitted_at":"2014-05-28T12:24:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate discharge inception in air, in uniform background electric fields above and below the breakdown threshold. We perform 3D particle simulations that include a natural level of background ionization in the form of positive and O$_{2}^-$ ions. When the electric field rises above the breakdown and the detachment threshold, which are similar in air, electrons can detach from O$_{2}^-$ and start ionization avalanches. These avalanches together create one large discharge, in contrast to the `double-headed' streamers found in many fluid simulations.\n  On the other hand, in background fie"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.7216","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WQ2vQSjcE4ugv5DKromianACWFKYE3K2toQkj9ibBpqObNi4vkI2lXUPDq7tYQgCg0YFoqX7Xy7Xo8YhtFnoDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:53:36.041068Z"},"content_sha256":"25a0e0818549c4dd23063beecce8a056d2f0f8d1a740b8434ae0c007a26c7344","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:25a0e0818549c4dd23063beecce8a056d2f0f8d1a740b8434ae0c007a26c7344"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T09:53:36Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZNP6CSMKQF6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3f2b290ce8c4922027601c7bbaf111250e4a7c0ca0c9a1cfb8a5469bcd1d3830","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-28T12:24:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"3f47011233c9cda1b1830bd62bd7e1ad47502f360719fb6d06ece65717b6719c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.7216","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.7216","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.7216v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.7216","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7SU6WWJBZ4Q3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7SU6WWJBZ4Q34FNZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7SU6WWJB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:25a0e0818549c4dd23063beecce8a056d2f0f8d1a740b8434ae0c007a26c7344","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate discharge inception in air, in uniform background electric fields above and below the breakdown threshold. We perform 3D particle simulations that include a natural level of background ionization in the form of positive and O$_{2}^-$ ions. When the electric field rises above the breakdown and the detachment threshold, which are similar in air, electrons can detach from O$_{2}^-$ and start ionization avalanches. These avalanches together create one large discharge, in contrast to the `double-headed' streamers found in many fluid simulations.\n  On the other hand, in background fie","authors_text":"Anbang Sun, Jannis Teunissen, Ute Ebert","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-28T12:24:29Z","title":"The inception of pulsed discharges in air: simulations in background fields above and below breakdown"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.7216","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8cbe0e780d7bbe1be2a85f70e2f8d89d4a3c537d4594a7dc2e6d91e0180461e8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3f2b290ce8c4922027601c7bbaf111250e4a7c0ca0c9a1cfb8a5469bcd1d3830","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-28T12:24:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"3f47011233c9cda1b1830bd62bd7e1ad47502f360719fb6d06ece65717b6719c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.7216","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"fca9eb5921cf21be15b96bfc2931502fa0660080a01a8e3fc72c8e0530b3dcb8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fca9eb5921cf21be15b96bfc2931502fa0660080a01a8e3fc72c8e0530b3dcb8","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44.059894Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44.059894Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"d5Uabvp55/hma+OUA98XsGD6cOHgFa6o6EOtIKEciD1OMeQ/CP8dYwdVBxaxYdmK0aXH0vr/N8vGAF1if7CFAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:38:44.060364Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1405.7216","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8cbe0e780d7bbe1be2a85f70e2f8d89d4a3c537d4594a7dc2e6d91e0180461e8","sha256:25a0e0818549c4dd23063beecce8a056d2f0f8d1a740b8434ae0c007a26c7344"],"state_sha256":"378818b2e5bd8ddba1fd317d5dccddc7c85661991369b2946b7a6322b89e81e5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jgTYgS83XJ7t1bDuaBVwHdzaPBEZ0pXu+4aaBlOyE87Mh6/RM2YMb9mPS+RJF+/L9e0B/pi1m5FSe71A3z1ADA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T09:53:36.043019Z","bundle_sha256":"19c94bd1810caf0ed263beeecd41c98fb6f9096b8a5c99f4af1209dd1fce0ebb"}}