{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2017:7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM","short_pith_number":"pith:7VSRDOMI","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"fd6511b9880b0d64906d439ababe872b1dbee838a03c3e9061a844c1c8eccbb4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1712.10116","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"A momentum conserving $N$-body scheme with individual timesteps","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Qirong Zhu","submitted_at":"2017-12-29T04:49:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"$N$-body simulations study the dynamics of $N$ particles under the influence of mutual long-distant forces such as gravity. In practice, $N$-body codes will violate Newton's third law if they use either an approximate Poisson solver or individual timesteps. In this study, we construct a novel $N$-body scheme by combining a fast multipole method (FMM) based Poisson solver and a time integrator using a hierarchical Hamiltonian splitting (HHS) technique. We test our implementation for collision-less systems using several problems in galactic dynamics. As a result of the momentum conserving nature"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1712.10116","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2017-12-29T04:49:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"c25e7f250a0fbb451d3747b8115c01e6a368cf403d77f723523697512863cb1c","abstract_canon_sha256":"cb70680549dcb29c11d198efab859987c1e5f906e6f0f642360a087d77fb676d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:03.899899Z","signature_b64":"OIfFyJIFP0zaHlu0i5nhIUWiMREJpGLc9fCtSO5yHHFtWptBvmoKl861LKwQcQV0mBUO5YdVBT+VB4ZzF6GPDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fd6511b9880b0d64906d439ababe872b1dbee838a03c3e9061a844c1c8eccbb4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:03.899384Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:03.899384Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A momentum conserving $N$-body scheme with individual timesteps","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Qirong Zhu","submitted_at":"2017-12-29T04:49:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"$N$-body simulations study the dynamics of $N$ particles under the influence of mutual long-distant forces such as gravity. In practice, $N$-body codes will violate Newton's third law if they use either an approximate Poisson solver or individual timesteps. In this study, we construct a novel $N$-body scheme by combining a fast multipole method (FMM) based Poisson solver and a time integrator using a hierarchical Hamiltonian splitting (HHS) technique. We test our implementation for collision-less systems using several problems in galactic dynamics. As a result of the momentum conserving nature"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1712.10116","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1712.10116","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:03.899457+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1712.10116v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:03.899457+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1712.10116","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:03.899457+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7VSRDOMIBMGW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:05.417338+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:05.417338+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7VSRDOMI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:05.417338+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM","json":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/7VSRDOMI"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/7VSRDOMI","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1712.10116&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/7VSRDOMIBMGWJEDNIONLVPUHFM/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:03.899457+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:03.899457+00:00"}