{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ","short_pith_number":"pith:7WK6DS3O","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.09250","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-03-16T18:00:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"aa4d40d2f0d322c659d2aaa036bc69564b1523231625f563bf362c71a13c3144","abstract_canon_sha256":"fa8b072dd01ffae3c5cb9ca20a3d1bc5ff1e754f3937e7cdc66737495215dc51"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fd95e1cb6e280d217985a570abb64c1c161990ab1977f3d8efc7bfb1d214f1f6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2103.09250","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.09250","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.09250v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.09250","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7WK6DS3OFAGS","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MF","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7WK6DS3O","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.09250","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-03-16T18:00:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"aa4d40d2f0d322c659d2aaa036bc69564b1523231625f563bf362c71a13c3144","abstract_canon_sha256":"fa8b072dd01ffae3c5cb9ca20a3d1bc5ff1e754f3937e7cdc66737495215dc51"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fd95e1cb6e280d217985a570abb64c1c161990ab1977f3d8efc7bfb1d214f1f6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44.903254Z","signature_b64":"uLAlk4M/lDv3suSA8cqyzuYJMgE+NTYcB0+X8stUVhv/3nYIwYWOKpn5Tp8F+suXx/L/dHEVucrObciHgsmeCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fd95e1cb6e280d217985a570abb64c1c161990ab1977f3d8efc7bfb1d214f1f6","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44.902841Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44.902841Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2103.09250","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8yhVENnTHBCkPn1QrJQSGlJDXxhqWf/dBg+soRjW5EaHY9gD+WwHjCoH/goHRubVTHKR7SCwSiThAls2AM7CCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T10:16:05.064011Z"},"content_sha256":"c632e55aebb8c58c551a90c4ed380f9ad171af279a9526d3eb4716d9f57c5b47","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c632e55aebb8c58c551a90c4ed380f9ad171af279a9526d3eb4716d9f57c5b47"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Constraining the cosmic UV background at z>3 with MUSE Lyman-{\\alpha} emission observations","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Bastien Duboeuf, Gabriele Pezzulli, Haruka Kusakabe, Johan Richard, Joop Schaye, Jorryt Matthee, Lutz Wisotzki, Raffaella Anna Marino, Saeed Sarpas, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Simon Lilly, Sofia G. Gallego, Valentin Mauerhofer","submitted_at":"2021-03-16T18:00:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"The intensity of the Cosmic UV background (UVB), coming from all sources of ionising photons such as star-forming galaxies and quasars, determines the thermal evolution and ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) and is, therefore, a critical ingredient for models of cosmic structure formation. Most of the previous estimates are based on the comparison between observed and simulated Lyman-$\\alpha$ forest. We present the results of an independent method to constrain the product of the UVB photoionisation rate and the covering fraction of Lyman limit systems (LLSs) by searching for th"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.09250","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2103.09250/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QOc4hFFG2716b9CvwdwD2ZvOIR0j96RXi8NWIKiBNafcuwPPSXteMMDCNL1G//7/7Fe3G/t4GQjVeMD1bTkgBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T10:16:05.064542Z"},"content_sha256":"f9a6a72735757e893053eef56ab9969dc627b08d33ff523b108af10278630b00","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f9a6a72735757e893053eef56ab9969dc627b08d33ff523b108af10278630b00"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-22T10:16:05Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MFUVYKXNSMDQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fa8b072dd01ffae3c5cb9ca20a3d1bc5ff1e754f3937e7cdc66737495215dc51","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-03-16T18:00:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"aa4d40d2f0d322c659d2aaa036bc69564b1523231625f563bf362c71a13c3144"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2103.09250","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.09250","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.09250v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.09250","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7WK6DS3OFAGS","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7WK6DS3OFAGSC6MF","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7WK6DS3O","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f9a6a72735757e893053eef56ab9969dc627b08d33ff523b108af10278630b00","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2103.09250/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The intensity of the Cosmic UV background (UVB), coming from all sources of ionising photons such as star-forming galaxies and quasars, determines the thermal evolution and ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) and is, therefore, a critical ingredient for models of cosmic structure formation. Most of the previous estimates are based on the comparison between observed and simulated Lyman-$\\alpha$ forest. We present the results of an independent method to constrain the product of the UVB photoionisation rate and the covering fraction of Lyman limit systems (LLSs) by searching for th","authors_text":"Bastien Duboeuf, Gabriele Pezzulli, Haruka Kusakabe, Johan Richard, Joop Schaye, Jorryt Matthee, Lutz Wisotzki, Raffaella Anna Marino, Saeed Sarpas, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Simon Lilly, Sofia G. Gallego, Valentin Mauerhofer","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-03-16T18:00:11Z","title":"Constraining the cosmic UV background at z>3 with MUSE Lyman-{\\alpha} emission observations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.09250","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c632e55aebb8c58c551a90c4ed380f9ad171af279a9526d3eb4716d9f57c5b47","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fa8b072dd01ffae3c5cb9ca20a3d1bc5ff1e754f3937e7cdc66737495215dc51","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-03-16T18:00:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"aa4d40d2f0d322c659d2aaa036bc69564b1523231625f563bf362c71a13c3144"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2103.09250","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"fd95e1cb6e280d217985a570abb64c1c161990ab1977f3d8efc7bfb1d214f1f6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fd95e1cb6e280d217985a570abb64c1c161990ab1977f3d8efc7bfb1d214f1f6","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44.902841Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44.902841Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"uLAlk4M/lDv3suSA8cqyzuYJMgE+NTYcB0+X8stUVhv/3nYIwYWOKpn5Tp8F+suXx/L/dHEVucrObciHgsmeCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:27:44.903254Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2103.09250","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c632e55aebb8c58c551a90c4ed380f9ad171af279a9526d3eb4716d9f57c5b47","sha256:f9a6a72735757e893053eef56ab9969dc627b08d33ff523b108af10278630b00"],"state_sha256":"98099635c36b0df5283fbdc460936434753a7b65a801c801b77e435eb5026520"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uxPPl4ei8OPELoTWVxXZVK5TNd2Vl76jV9KYPThA35FCpeq1YTGNO8LbD1ndHaKdGY6Bef9Sc1IflKdrPlkFDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T10:16:05.067868Z","bundle_sha256":"b3be6a7b6bcacb4eda5b4b27c38ea1684157b83359bcf27dd830f4f7fb28e78e"}}