{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR","short_pith_number":"pith:7XDGJ7BO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1210.1417","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2012-10-04T12:39:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"67a7b2d9400431c86a0695f387fdac0e30de4662f68c78d34de5eb1eab0f4c1b","abstract_canon_sha256":"1cd0278f861167af06ad39dc4479b5e37bbee02f6e86e02173c05bc8156d4ab9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fdc664fc2e5d1eeb8eb06eeafa714d746aaf317f6ea90bf1f22590f31bfe0cb2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1210.1417","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1210.1417","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1210.1417v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1210.1417","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7XDGJ7BOLUPO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7XDGJ7BO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1210.1417","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2012-10-04T12:39:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"67a7b2d9400431c86a0695f387fdac0e30de4662f68c78d34de5eb1eab0f4c1b","abstract_canon_sha256":"1cd0278f861167af06ad39dc4479b5e37bbee02f6e86e02173c05bc8156d4ab9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fdc664fc2e5d1eeb8eb06eeafa714d746aaf317f6ea90bf1f22590f31bfe0cb2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16.977372Z","signature_b64":"cgAOgu4F49HkFaeyAJmVnJEu3ntadzeSd9QoDz1iu1i27RxNppztx2lN3ILLG0HjKi9depuj+4HOPfFPVHtGAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fdc664fc2e5d1eeb8eb06eeafa714d746aaf317f6ea90bf1f22590f31bfe0cb2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16.976801Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16.976801Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1210.1417","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VaEn+nuVxEdOywBv3nDNuBOQqVeBW3pJis552ea36n0fiZ8Fl7NOt77AKkWL+v4XPo758RUrA7PWdEKlZnT5CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T14:25:53.791073Z"},"content_sha256":"91aa796d56cb1ed527557d12ce2db94841eb99c97e4c7c76069d98be91f04444","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:91aa796d56cb1ed527557d12ce2db94841eb99c97e4c7c76069d98be91f04444"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Multiscale Gyrokinetics for Rotating Tokamak Plasmas II: Reduced Models for Electron Dynamics","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"I. G. Abel, S. C. Cowley","submitted_at":"2012-10-04T12:39:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we extend the multiscale approach developed in [Abel et. al., Rep. Prog. Phys., submitted] by exploiting the scale separation between ions and the electrons. The gyrokinetic equation is expanded in powers of the electron to ion mass ratio, which provides a rigorous method for deriving the reduced electron model. We prove that ion-scale electromagnetic turbulence cannot change the magnetic topology, and argue that to lowest order the magnetic field lies on fluctuating flux surfaces. These flux surfaces are used to construct magnetic coordinates, and in these coordinates a closed "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1210.1417","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aOWq5gygUk6m15f37SPcw/lW+qUMcyPN0/dDLxJaYGgbGSI6z1Mz7IzOedPKlcly3mE4k3Z74HB9HbdVYh0WBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T14:25:53.791728Z"},"content_sha256":"f8cff6873453234cd15452c2e51e57f005d4707bed5292698390c00bb943add6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f8cff6873453234cd15452c2e51e57f005d4707bed5292698390c00bb943add6"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-21T14:25:53Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQN3VPU4KNOR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1cd0278f861167af06ad39dc4479b5e37bbee02f6e86e02173c05bc8156d4ab9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2012-10-04T12:39:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"67a7b2d9400431c86a0695f387fdac0e30de4662f68c78d34de5eb1eab0f4c1b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1210.1417","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1210.1417","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1210.1417v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1210.1417","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7XDGJ7BOLUPO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7XDGJ7BOLUPOXDVQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7XDGJ7BO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f8cff6873453234cd15452c2e51e57f005d4707bed5292698390c00bb943add6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we extend the multiscale approach developed in [Abel et. al., Rep. Prog. Phys., submitted] by exploiting the scale separation between ions and the electrons. The gyrokinetic equation is expanded in powers of the electron to ion mass ratio, which provides a rigorous method for deriving the reduced electron model. We prove that ion-scale electromagnetic turbulence cannot change the magnetic topology, and argue that to lowest order the magnetic field lies on fluctuating flux surfaces. These flux surfaces are used to construct magnetic coordinates, and in these coordinates a closed ","authors_text":"I. G. Abel, S. C. Cowley","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2012-10-04T12:39:12Z","title":"Multiscale Gyrokinetics for Rotating Tokamak Plasmas II: Reduced Models for Electron Dynamics"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1210.1417","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:91aa796d56cb1ed527557d12ce2db94841eb99c97e4c7c76069d98be91f04444","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1cd0278f861167af06ad39dc4479b5e37bbee02f6e86e02173c05bc8156d4ab9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2012-10-04T12:39:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"67a7b2d9400431c86a0695f387fdac0e30de4662f68c78d34de5eb1eab0f4c1b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1210.1417","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"fdc664fc2e5d1eeb8eb06eeafa714d746aaf317f6ea90bf1f22590f31bfe0cb2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fdc664fc2e5d1eeb8eb06eeafa714d746aaf317f6ea90bf1f22590f31bfe0cb2","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16.976801Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16.976801Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cgAOgu4F49HkFaeyAJmVnJEu3ntadzeSd9QoDz1iu1i27RxNppztx2lN3ILLG0HjKi9depuj+4HOPfFPVHtGAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:32:16.977372Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1210.1417","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:91aa796d56cb1ed527557d12ce2db94841eb99c97e4c7c76069d98be91f04444","sha256:f8cff6873453234cd15452c2e51e57f005d4707bed5292698390c00bb943add6"],"state_sha256":"acd5463ea09f8903279b9c668580f252c94686c126214cc720523a583e0abbb9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0S7yINSiU9AbfTTY2zQIgipGJN3WJn2YIpz06LBtwaZQN9ccoq2nNT0kNguAeluX6BFHNDa5JzY0TpMvQPofBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T14:25:53.794290Z","bundle_sha256":"47ccd23521e24c0ba0c1c5d49b1d13d2001a6fe64955ae0715c94b9215625939"}}