{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7","short_pith_number":"pith:7XFQC72R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2312.00874","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-01T19:03:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f2cab67ee5fb67c295a8e2899f309f3477da1b745238f5365c4600f601f7c5c7","abstract_canon_sha256":"09f1840c9db49a94a79e190a185e1d7aeb5f5d6479c369b9ce4bbaea38ca9cf1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fdcb017f5196f97e47e372452f13660fcd1710a251b23aaa38c25f5b6c29fdad","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2312.00874","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2312.00874","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2312.00874v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2312.00874","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7XFQC72RS34X","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7XFQC72RS34X4R7D","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7XFQC72R","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2312.00874","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-01T19:03:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f2cab67ee5fb67c295a8e2899f309f3477da1b745238f5365c4600f601f7c5c7","abstract_canon_sha256":"09f1840c9db49a94a79e190a185e1d7aeb5f5d6479c369b9ce4bbaea38ca9cf1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fdcb017f5196f97e47e372452f13660fcd1710a251b23aaa38c25f5b6c29fdad","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25.686992Z","signature_b64":"ABVa1Cd1IYcTFJ+swwwk8iwzAl9I3KpF1vLRI8gWO4t2u0E179261SWz4f9GfmosGs4GvSL9P+H24Nc+hjnWBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fdcb017f5196f97e47e372452f13660fcd1710a251b23aaa38c25f5b6c29fdad","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25.686484Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25.686484Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2312.00874","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vJ68DSy9OypGMn4TnGNFkENFARkbnrCFhPCT6GmYtPlz+hlp8yRG71CtpKKKDD1hNHFf8XTfs5r0ifLoQ1sVCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T03:27:21.135810Z"},"content_sha256":"863c4d1cf3cff6f7540f41b156244ff6b50a0011218c6ba4f4d890528f63dd7f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:863c4d1cf3cff6f7540f41b156244ff6b50a0011218c6ba4f4d890528f63dd7f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Hi-ArG: Exploring the Integration of Hierarchical Argumentation Graphs in Language Pretraining","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Jingcong Liang, Meng Han, Qi Zhang, Rong Ye, Ruofei Lai, Xinyu Zhang, Xuanjing Huang, Zhao Cao, Zhongyu Wei","submitted_at":"2023-12-01T19:03:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"The knowledge graph is a structure to store and represent knowledge, and recent studies have discussed its capability to assist language models for various applications. Some variations of knowledge graphs aim to record arguments and their relations for computational argumentation tasks. However, many must simplify semantic types to fit specific schemas, thus losing flexibility and expression ability. In this paper, we propose the Hierarchical Argumentation Graph (Hi-ArG), a new structure to organize arguments. We also introduce two approaches to exploit Hi-ArG, including a text-graph multi-mo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2312.00874","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2312.00874/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+TCqbO01m5TQQXCQVufKpzFP02ZtGtnRcBPFQc8pENZJu3c0AMZsUfrcjHeGUCWT3QN29MRn+Js61oX9n9JkBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T03:27:21.136319Z"},"content_sha256":"33a7f03fb8594b3cfdb26fb8f1b335bf3319694120f46227d16db1302debbec2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:33a7f03fb8594b3cfdb26fb8f1b335bf3319694120f46227d16db1302debbec2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T03:27:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:7XFQC72RS34X4R7DOJCS6E3GB7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"09f1840c9db49a94a79e190a185e1d7aeb5f5d6479c369b9ce4bbaea38ca9cf1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-01T19:03:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2cab67ee5fb67c295a8e2899f309f3477da1b745238f5365c4600f601f7c5c7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2312.00874","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2312.00874","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2312.00874v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2312.00874","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7XFQC72RS34X","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7XFQC72RS34X4R7D","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7XFQC72R","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:33a7f03fb8594b3cfdb26fb8f1b335bf3319694120f46227d16db1302debbec2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2312.00874/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The knowledge graph is a structure to store and represent knowledge, and recent studies have discussed its capability to assist language models for various applications. Some variations of knowledge graphs aim to record arguments and their relations for computational argumentation tasks. However, many must simplify semantic types to fit specific schemas, thus losing flexibility and expression ability. In this paper, we propose the Hierarchical Argumentation Graph (Hi-ArG), a new structure to organize arguments. We also introduce two approaches to exploit Hi-ArG, including a text-graph multi-mo","authors_text":"Jingcong Liang, Meng Han, Qi Zhang, Rong Ye, Ruofei Lai, Xinyu Zhang, Xuanjing Huang, Zhao Cao, Zhongyu Wei","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-01T19:03:38Z","title":"Hi-ArG: Exploring the Integration of Hierarchical Argumentation Graphs in Language Pretraining"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2312.00874","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:863c4d1cf3cff6f7540f41b156244ff6b50a0011218c6ba4f4d890528f63dd7f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"09f1840c9db49a94a79e190a185e1d7aeb5f5d6479c369b9ce4bbaea38ca9cf1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-01T19:03:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2cab67ee5fb67c295a8e2899f309f3477da1b745238f5365c4600f601f7c5c7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2312.00874","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"fdcb017f5196f97e47e372452f13660fcd1710a251b23aaa38c25f5b6c29fdad","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fdcb017f5196f97e47e372452f13660fcd1710a251b23aaa38c25f5b6c29fdad","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25.686484Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25.686484Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ABVa1Cd1IYcTFJ+swwwk8iwzAl9I3KpF1vLRI8gWO4t2u0E179261SWz4f9GfmosGs4GvSL9P+H24Nc+hjnWBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:19:25.686992Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2312.00874","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:863c4d1cf3cff6f7540f41b156244ff6b50a0011218c6ba4f4d890528f63dd7f","sha256:33a7f03fb8594b3cfdb26fb8f1b335bf3319694120f46227d16db1302debbec2"],"state_sha256":"18947d5ded43aa3a7dc7b914477949ecd67eec085c306b70e3bae04d25619af9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Wz74Gwy4y15Wchy/qAM6TVrn/wIj7gjilE0x/EtOzr85idMHMnwpcmAJtNHHFej6Y+DM3FXjyUeFYV/6SyepCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T03:27:21.140633Z","bundle_sha256":"cdc065fd49d32405f21fc917f071508503483e229ff0a97fa2095a69d99698dd"}}