{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1999:7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM","short_pith_number":"pith:7Y2FIXT5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9902315","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1999-02-23T00:05:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"834f8a357eba74349a038a648454649da5abc8f0092ca20593d90b2a155b1231","abstract_canon_sha256":"27a78280e3032f1fd50fc4f27447ae11746ec899519f268084e0ddc8b1542421"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fe34545e7dc0cf42a675cc86376a24032f472ee97eda66fd1e8fae744aaabeb3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/9902315","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9902315","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9902315v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9902315","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7Y2FIXT5YDHU","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTV","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7Y2FIXT5","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1999:7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9902315","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1999-02-23T00:05:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"834f8a357eba74349a038a648454649da5abc8f0092ca20593d90b2a155b1231","abstract_canon_sha256":"27a78280e3032f1fd50fc4f27447ae11746ec899519f268084e0ddc8b1542421"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"fe34545e7dc0cf42a675cc86376a24032f472ee97eda66fd1e8fae744aaabeb3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40.801069Z","signature_b64":"0dh0tBW8RST40Kg3bYp+Z2M6iSX+j6pQ43avDfXNCfQfrVKSZjwZagpwX9+LMQsl0PQXM+5wiWAHVt6yhDP9BA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"fe34545e7dc0cf42a675cc86376a24032f472ee97eda66fd1e8fae744aaabeb3","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40.800674Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40.800674Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/9902315","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hWHjuAnK0pVQwL3Tl4ukY+lZM+XWYhZmLAt6j0deTgFyHW5fnY5000HRhusyCk1kpg1CS6ytsXuh6JBPGkNIBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-24T18:02:10.311989Z"},"content_sha256":"b7e5e9330e6e9b55484978966bd75c6d99ec8b350866d4609788746bc708af97","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b7e5e9330e6e9b55484978966bd75c6d99ec8b350866d4609788746bc708af97"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1999:7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mass Limits For Black Hole Formation","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"C.L. Fryer","submitted_at":"1999-02-23T00:05:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a series of two-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulations for a range of progenitor masses and different input physics. These models predict a range of supernova energies and compact remnant masses. In particular, we study two mechanisms for black hole formation: prompt collapse and delayed collapse due to fallback. For massive progenitors above 20 solar masses, after a hydrodynamic time for the helium core (a few minutes to a few hours), fallback drives the compact object beyond the maximum neutron star mass causing it to collapse into a black hole. With the current accuracy "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9902315","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/9902315/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JNzUnXAxxq9rwWMKLDw/9il0qL24059mt+x/2mSh973AF/adUmzGno58i18gl+3EU++Tn88s/dVbsGFmdkrzDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-24T18:02:10.312383Z"},"content_sha256":"3e9963ba80e8f062d142fa8cee50c6472b4ae31c627644d1ed2dcd9f4c97644f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3e9963ba80e8f062d142fa8cee50c6472b4ae31c627644d1ed2dcd9f4c97644f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-24T18:02:10Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1999:7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTVZSDDO2REAM","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"27a78280e3032f1fd50fc4f27447ae11746ec899519f268084e0ddc8b1542421","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1999-02-23T00:05:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"834f8a357eba74349a038a648454649da5abc8f0092ca20593d90b2a155b1231"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9902315","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9902315","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9902315v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9902315","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"7Y2FIXT5YDHU","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"7Y2FIXT5YDHUFJTV","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"7Y2FIXT5","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3e9963ba80e8f062d142fa8cee50c6472b4ae31c627644d1ed2dcd9f4c97644f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/9902315/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a series of two-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulations for a range of progenitor masses and different input physics. These models predict a range of supernova energies and compact remnant masses. In particular, we study two mechanisms for black hole formation: prompt collapse and delayed collapse due to fallback. For massive progenitors above 20 solar masses, after a hydrodynamic time for the helium core (a few minutes to a few hours), fallback drives the compact object beyond the maximum neutron star mass causing it to collapse into a black hole. With the current accuracy ","authors_text":"C.L. Fryer","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1999-02-23T00:05:12Z","title":"Mass Limits For Black Hole Formation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9902315","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b7e5e9330e6e9b55484978966bd75c6d99ec8b350866d4609788746bc708af97","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"27a78280e3032f1fd50fc4f27447ae11746ec899519f268084e0ddc8b1542421","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1999-02-23T00:05:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"834f8a357eba74349a038a648454649da5abc8f0092ca20593d90b2a155b1231"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9902315","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"fe34545e7dc0cf42a675cc86376a24032f472ee97eda66fd1e8fae744aaabeb3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"fe34545e7dc0cf42a675cc86376a24032f472ee97eda66fd1e8fae744aaabeb3","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40.800674Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40.800674Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"0dh0tBW8RST40Kg3bYp+Z2M6iSX+j6pQ43avDfXNCfQfrVKSZjwZagpwX9+LMQsl0PQXM+5wiWAHVt6yhDP9BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:40.801069Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/9902315","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b7e5e9330e6e9b55484978966bd75c6d99ec8b350866d4609788746bc708af97","sha256:3e9963ba80e8f062d142fa8cee50c6472b4ae31c627644d1ed2dcd9f4c97644f"],"state_sha256":"6c826dd133313df59729e05d2aedc319f5090b67f775d2cc6c0bfa82db058367"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OlKOUWjme/m7Yjz1bdc4d0iJ4lIiWu314H1bQhrF7iycNz4xsmtUoVoSCsZXiKNvKrgxAfUAMFxJ4eo1/1P7AQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-24T18:02:10.314953Z","bundle_sha256":"b5ccfa8cc6a0650d9568efe884696e5e4f682a6bcb841c7e9bfaf8490bd9aa5b"}}