{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2015:A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ","short_pith_number":"pith:A2EY2X4I","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"06898d5f880ae5b4f4574fb55f92758c00e402e29106b845bc4b33ad57c64115","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1512.01250","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Assessing forensic evidence by computing belief functions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"math.PR","authors_text":"Ronald Meester, Timber Kerkvliet","submitted_at":"2015-12-02T13:37:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"We first discuss certain problems with the classical probabilistic approach for assessing forensic evidence, in particular its inability to distinguish between lack of belief and disbelief, and its inability to model complete ignorance within a given population. We then discuss Shafer belief functions, a generalization of probability distributions, which can deal with both these objections. We use a calculus of belief functions which does not use the much criticized Dempster rule of combination, but only the very natural Dempster-Shafer conditioning. We then apply this calculus to some classic"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.01250","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.PR","submitted_at":"2015-12-02T13:37:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"74e5caf303f768a2407097098321c9652cfe4b6c9743afa583942a0df6a00cdb","abstract_canon_sha256":"8da682d9b6796904a0491a6fae3a0e76a052d6c3a86b2e18075e7618f18d9bb2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:37.542899Z","signature_b64":"L5oDvipeommIGMeYX3fPJ3CxQ61vSpsji1pMg+bgA1xp9Fx4VGbfhqNydk8PXJAC8fzhfHTnXp+EgiEqsLJZBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"06898d5f880ae5b4f4574fb55f92758c00e402e29106b845bc4b33ad57c64115","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:37.542540Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:37.542540Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Assessing forensic evidence by computing belief functions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"math.PR","authors_text":"Ronald Meester, Timber Kerkvliet","submitted_at":"2015-12-02T13:37:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"We first discuss certain problems with the classical probabilistic approach for assessing forensic evidence, in particular its inability to distinguish between lack of belief and disbelief, and its inability to model complete ignorance within a given population. We then discuss Shafer belief functions, a generalization of probability distributions, which can deal with both these objections. We use a calculus of belief functions which does not use the much criticized Dempster rule of combination, but only the very natural Dempster-Shafer conditioning. We then apply this calculus to some classic"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.01250","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.01250","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:37.542595+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.01250v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:37.542595+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.01250","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:37.542595+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"A2EY2X4IBLS3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:10.953037+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:10.953037+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"A2EY2X4I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:10.953037+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ","json":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/A2EY2X4I"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/A2EY2X4I","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1512.01250&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/A2EY2X4IBLS3J5CXJ62V7ETVRQ/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:37.542595+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:51:37.542595+00:00"}