{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF","short_pith_number":"pith:A2UJ3QVU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.07722","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-07-10T12:57:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4afcf7825c00971b32b34e9b7ae67359f172fa78ed9864648c94a99e95705d51","abstract_canon_sha256":"19bf93dbbd9827e224d2fa2b82c7f9aea069f5473a0a83d01e1965ddfe89df84"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"06a89dc2b48a6d39031f5a014f357e694f9c3226bdecc1cf1953d5056bc20195","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2507.07722","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.07722","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.07722v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.07722","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"A2UJ3QVURJWT","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"A2UJ3QVU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.07722","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-07-10T12:57:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4afcf7825c00971b32b34e9b7ae67359f172fa78ed9864648c94a99e95705d51","abstract_canon_sha256":"19bf93dbbd9827e224d2fa2b82c7f9aea069f5473a0a83d01e1965ddfe89df84"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"06a89dc2b48a6d39031f5a014f357e694f9c3226bdecc1cf1953d5056bc20195","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13.337467Z","signature_b64":"QP04C0tUME3GU5CtTZBUyDoPBvMybtSCRSxPow82zqc1rE+WfdA1YdFBJc3j/+xLyc1AEYVK9avY3IPfg8BRAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"06a89dc2b48a6d39031f5a014f357e694f9c3226bdecc1cf1953d5056bc20195","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13.337034Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13.337034Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2507.07722","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4G/suYmD0dUB/jQ0mwmBdsUKvya5WUG/1RciXMUzTHHwbftWnL632T+4W5fpzb90LFkm73PzflAEPr4z69QdBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T13:59:15.713784Z"},"content_sha256":"a257786682a93753c8545a7575b60ce9aae1e8d7803bd3c73fc26e334fdc1686","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a257786682a93753c8545a7575b60ce9aae1e8d7803bd3c73fc26e334fdc1686"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Understanding Dataset Bias in Medical Imaging: A Case Study on Chest X-rays","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Chengliang Dai, Ethan Dack","submitted_at":"2025-07-10T12:57:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent works have revisited the infamous task ``Name That Dataset'', demonstrating that non-medical datasets contain underlying biases and that the dataset origin task can be solved with high accuracy. In this work, we revisit the same task applied to popular open-source chest X-ray datasets. Medical images are naturally more difficult to release for open-source due to their sensitive nature, which has led to certain open-source datasets being extremely popular for research purposes. By performing the same task, we wish to explore whether dataset bias also exists in these datasets. To extend o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.07722","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2507.07722/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nPUCC7zF6rZ5zaQElfXyLM7Fi1qjCYLlaA954MTHstO/OuSY7d+L/iQc3AR+tW8jwyhe6aLKkqjgLX7LLDuICA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T13:59:15.714291Z"},"content_sha256":"52a07604450091f45e588c65a1e29afc50961f3034b966b648884187fe047e39","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:52a07604450091f45e588c65a1e29afc50961f3034b966b648884187fe047e39"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T13:59:15Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7LIAU6NL6NF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"19bf93dbbd9827e224d2fa2b82c7f9aea069f5473a0a83d01e1965ddfe89df84","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-07-10T12:57:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"4afcf7825c00971b32b34e9b7ae67359f172fa78ed9864648c94a99e95705d51"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.07722","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.07722","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.07722v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.07722","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"A2UJ3QVURJWT","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"A2UJ3QVURJWTSAY7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"A2UJ3QVU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:52a07604450091f45e588c65a1e29afc50961f3034b966b648884187fe047e39","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2507.07722/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent works have revisited the infamous task ``Name That Dataset'', demonstrating that non-medical datasets contain underlying biases and that the dataset origin task can be solved with high accuracy. In this work, we revisit the same task applied to popular open-source chest X-ray datasets. Medical images are naturally more difficult to release for open-source due to their sensitive nature, which has led to certain open-source datasets being extremely popular for research purposes. By performing the same task, we wish to explore whether dataset bias also exists in these datasets. To extend o","authors_text":"Chengliang Dai, Ethan Dack","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-07-10T12:57:09Z","title":"Understanding Dataset Bias in Medical Imaging: A Case Study on Chest X-rays"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.07722","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a257786682a93753c8545a7575b60ce9aae1e8d7803bd3c73fc26e334fdc1686","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"19bf93dbbd9827e224d2fa2b82c7f9aea069f5473a0a83d01e1965ddfe89df84","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2025-07-10T12:57:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"4afcf7825c00971b32b34e9b7ae67359f172fa78ed9864648c94a99e95705d51"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.07722","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"06a89dc2b48a6d39031f5a014f357e694f9c3226bdecc1cf1953d5056bc20195","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"06a89dc2b48a6d39031f5a014f357e694f9c3226bdecc1cf1953d5056bc20195","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13.337034Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13.337034Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"QP04C0tUME3GU5CtTZBUyDoPBvMybtSCRSxPow82zqc1rE+WfdA1YdFBJc3j/+xLyc1AEYVK9avY3IPfg8BRAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:39:13.337467Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2507.07722","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a257786682a93753c8545a7575b60ce9aae1e8d7803bd3c73fc26e334fdc1686","sha256:52a07604450091f45e588c65a1e29afc50961f3034b966b648884187fe047e39"],"state_sha256":"5fbcea96d87db2ba908e8150ad7fc3571ee298be11a6c9b278f2163ef445f511"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9WV8RwbWys0C/yBlUi4AmDWgOlAXzRzve+eateGTe0xNM+WC2TibTDZEfwTG42yP4Mtgaf2ufQJe9sFpHDUQAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T13:59:15.718160Z","bundle_sha256":"061df80b75f38c557fc12f9436088c5412ef1c4982ff8b71844512842ea1781d"}}