{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2","short_pith_number":"pith:A2YKVCC2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.12880","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-26T21:12:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"87bcb9a83b9e371b5dc8a9f116cc74534c59cb1f0cbaa3b6b8ae1a71ca4a3c31","abstract_canon_sha256":"35fcb39ec3c1d912d0878b6417c0ce5d9bbce3efcfaacac116539fb07d607e23"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"06b0aa885a5e7022099564d17e33160e96a680f80ae394615ea120df6a59dc80","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2104.12880","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.12880","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.12880v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.12880","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"A2YKVCC2LZYC","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"A2YKVCC2LZYCECMV","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"A2YKVCC2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.12880","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-26T21:12:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"87bcb9a83b9e371b5dc8a9f116cc74534c59cb1f0cbaa3b6b8ae1a71ca4a3c31","abstract_canon_sha256":"35fcb39ec3c1d912d0878b6417c0ce5d9bbce3efcfaacac116539fb07d607e23"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"06b0aa885a5e7022099564d17e33160e96a680f80ae394615ea120df6a59dc80","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01.982329Z","signature_b64":"Lt0ekVe6pxTK8KDZLjnWzQk7uceV33Ayh4h+DsP9t25PT24rw8C/lL4ATufmlYCtMy1xIqCA3vdqZePNmGhSDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"06b0aa885a5e7022099564d17e33160e96a680f80ae394615ea120df6a59dc80","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01.981926Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01.981926Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2104.12880","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TvtNjl/y17cCWsv1Gh1FlkGvkFJuCkiMuuD8Fwid+d9oeOOxUPx21sGqO9J2It6+ag2rGqWfPlIPKLwOHufUCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T12:31:48.938796Z"},"content_sha256":"c7df5ea33a37516b02348fb9dcc38908cb21657f3dbb4b2508bd6e39da1ecf7f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c7df5ea33a37516b02348fb9dcc38908cb21657f3dbb4b2508bd6e39da1ecf7f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Cosmology from weak lensing alone and implications for the Hubble tension","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Alex Hall","submitted_at":"2021-04-26T21:12:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the origin of $\\Lambda$CDM parameter constraints in weak lensing, with a focus on the Hubble constant. We explain why current cosmic shear data are sensitive to the parameter combination $S_8 \\propto \\sigma_8 \\Omega_m^{0.5}$, improving upon previous studies through use of the halo model. Motivated by the ongoing discrepancy in measurements of the Hubble constant from high and low redshift, we explain why cosmic shear provides almost no constraint on $H_0$ by showing how the lensing angular power spectrum depends on physical length scales in the dark matter distribution. We deriv"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.12880","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2104.12880/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"On/gGc8jKlFuu3+lMagFdwIy2DMi1nUGqoqsyGtvpcTAxlsxFXMYVCgghck97jj1UxXAE4v3iwfeszARr1cICQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T12:31:48.940656Z"},"content_sha256":"60028aec18a8a15f69e57634f1df8126a8f6bb3c65dbc46fd91deb9cad123e62","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:60028aec18a8a15f69e57634f1df8126a8f6bb3c65dbc46fd91deb9cad123e62"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T12:31:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:A2YKVCC2LZYCECMVMTIX4MYWB2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"35fcb39ec3c1d912d0878b6417c0ce5d9bbce3efcfaacac116539fb07d607e23","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-26T21:12:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"87bcb9a83b9e371b5dc8a9f116cc74534c59cb1f0cbaa3b6b8ae1a71ca4a3c31"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.12880","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.12880","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.12880v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.12880","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"A2YKVCC2LZYC","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"A2YKVCC2LZYCECMV","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"A2YKVCC2","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:60028aec18a8a15f69e57634f1df8126a8f6bb3c65dbc46fd91deb9cad123e62","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2104.12880/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the origin of $\\Lambda$CDM parameter constraints in weak lensing, with a focus on the Hubble constant. We explain why current cosmic shear data are sensitive to the parameter combination $S_8 \\propto \\sigma_8 \\Omega_m^{0.5}$, improving upon previous studies through use of the halo model. Motivated by the ongoing discrepancy in measurements of the Hubble constant from high and low redshift, we explain why cosmic shear provides almost no constraint on $H_0$ by showing how the lensing angular power spectrum depends on physical length scales in the dark matter distribution. We deriv","authors_text":"Alex Hall","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-26T21:12:22Z","title":"Cosmology from weak lensing alone and implications for the Hubble tension"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.12880","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c7df5ea33a37516b02348fb9dcc38908cb21657f3dbb4b2508bd6e39da1ecf7f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"35fcb39ec3c1d912d0878b6417c0ce5d9bbce3efcfaacac116539fb07d607e23","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-26T21:12:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"87bcb9a83b9e371b5dc8a9f116cc74534c59cb1f0cbaa3b6b8ae1a71ca4a3c31"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.12880","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"06b0aa885a5e7022099564d17e33160e96a680f80ae394615ea120df6a59dc80","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"06b0aa885a5e7022099564d17e33160e96a680f80ae394615ea120df6a59dc80","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01.981926Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01.981926Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Lt0ekVe6pxTK8KDZLjnWzQk7uceV33Ayh4h+DsP9t25PT24rw8C/lL4ATufmlYCtMy1xIqCA3vdqZePNmGhSDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:01.982329Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2104.12880","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c7df5ea33a37516b02348fb9dcc38908cb21657f3dbb4b2508bd6e39da1ecf7f","sha256:60028aec18a8a15f69e57634f1df8126a8f6bb3c65dbc46fd91deb9cad123e62"],"state_sha256":"575ec7ac49d99bde97f5d760f7f78bd7c59c789a034a2026fa140b25c4c96170"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JscMoE7Iyq4r2yBiMJoSZ3FdLPa3/CS66XiZkHfb4eoUoZQS5FNn9l5DlnV5+xMdjeYTftn0u2ItP68vg836CQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T12:31:48.947618Z","bundle_sha256":"8f887fff40e80bab5414963a89005e5f4a63274ecdc832cd2deef0bfd6c134ed"}}