{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW","short_pith_number":"pith:A3MEUUB4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1203.2399","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T04:13:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c27c704ffdfe995aa98444449d99f60ebc634dc912963cf6c32ac560e605cadc","abstract_canon_sha256":"fc5ee0324a39abbc0de5d62fbb2ab31fb63d959190abe0452f817fc1727614e0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"06d84a503c09007f05d6aee48d9e866d87ff7f46781bbbcd7db94f2a7cc2e0b5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1203.2399","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1203.2399","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1203.2399v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1203.2399","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"A3MEUUB4BEAH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"A3MEUUB4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1203.2399","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T04:13:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c27c704ffdfe995aa98444449d99f60ebc634dc912963cf6c32ac560e605cadc","abstract_canon_sha256":"fc5ee0324a39abbc0de5d62fbb2ab31fb63d959190abe0452f817fc1727614e0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"06d84a503c09007f05d6aee48d9e866d87ff7f46781bbbcd7db94f2a7cc2e0b5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25.587236Z","signature_b64":"4pwQhTc5jNyL64BHKIIyIFD7c+5s4XCu9vkEQInNqqejj0IbRYfmDpf7JXb9D+2iTI4+8cRKaV21xOXtK0nzDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"06d84a503c09007f05d6aee48d9e866d87ff7f46781bbbcd7db94f2a7cc2e0b5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25.586547Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25.586547Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1203.2399","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H5TqmjGV/VKO2mlo51YnTSrlKDVWizyfUKI1/nFw5dR4RAea1KlBj5DDESalSWtgHOJBUm6wtgAnSUt3HyxYAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:30:09.558214Z"},"content_sha256":"5038b4f7dbdf9fa2e1892f07452d17b78ccd18768d0a67c96c363c7b996f736a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5038b4f7dbdf9fa2e1892f07452d17b78ccd18768d0a67c96c363c7b996f736a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Estimating strength of DDoS attack using various regression models","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"B. B. Gupta, Manoj Misra, R. C. Joshi","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T04:13:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"Anomaly-based DDoS detection systems construct profile of the traffic normally seen in the network, and identify anomalies whenever traffic deviate from normal profile beyond a threshold. This extend of deviation is normally not utilised. This paper reports the evaluation results of proposed approach that utilises this extend of deviation from detection threshold to estimate strength of DDoS attack using various regression models. A relationship is established between number of zombies and observed deviation in sample entropy. Various statistical performance measures, such as coefficient of de"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1203.2399","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XNZVI22QWKduuSFUC3OtHsyZS5z0NGAGNuaHNDZiVTiTtY25TX3y+KyOYkTf0zfvr6m5V2CiH3d96Rl2Kyx+Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:30:09.558966Z"},"content_sha256":"db67770b7820000d33887f7a5a835fbdd62b185368647e2c96e400739724b2d2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:db67770b7820000d33887f7a5a835fbdd62b185368647e2c96e400739724b2d2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T22:30:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOWV3SI3HUGNW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fc5ee0324a39abbc0de5d62fbb2ab31fb63d959190abe0452f817fc1727614e0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T04:13:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"c27c704ffdfe995aa98444449d99f60ebc634dc912963cf6c32ac560e605cadc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1203.2399","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1203.2399","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1203.2399v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1203.2399","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"A3MEUUB4BEAH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"A3MEUUB4BEAH6BOW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"A3MEUUB4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:db67770b7820000d33887f7a5a835fbdd62b185368647e2c96e400739724b2d2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Anomaly-based DDoS detection systems construct profile of the traffic normally seen in the network, and identify anomalies whenever traffic deviate from normal profile beyond a threshold. This extend of deviation is normally not utilised. This paper reports the evaluation results of proposed approach that utilises this extend of deviation from detection threshold to estimate strength of DDoS attack using various regression models. A relationship is established between number of zombies and observed deviation in sample entropy. Various statistical performance measures, such as coefficient of de","authors_text":"B. B. Gupta, Manoj Misra, R. C. Joshi","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T04:13:12Z","title":"Estimating strength of DDoS attack using various regression models"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1203.2399","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5038b4f7dbdf9fa2e1892f07452d17b78ccd18768d0a67c96c363c7b996f736a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fc5ee0324a39abbc0de5d62fbb2ab31fb63d959190abe0452f817fc1727614e0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T04:13:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"c27c704ffdfe995aa98444449d99f60ebc634dc912963cf6c32ac560e605cadc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1203.2399","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"06d84a503c09007f05d6aee48d9e866d87ff7f46781bbbcd7db94f2a7cc2e0b5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"06d84a503c09007f05d6aee48d9e866d87ff7f46781bbbcd7db94f2a7cc2e0b5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25.586547Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25.586547Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4pwQhTc5jNyL64BHKIIyIFD7c+5s4XCu9vkEQInNqqejj0IbRYfmDpf7JXb9D+2iTI4+8cRKaV21xOXtK0nzDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:00:25.587236Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1203.2399","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5038b4f7dbdf9fa2e1892f07452d17b78ccd18768d0a67c96c363c7b996f736a","sha256:db67770b7820000d33887f7a5a835fbdd62b185368647e2c96e400739724b2d2"],"state_sha256":"4bd51bcb89e070671fbceffbb1d9ea88ed425c724ae99f9cba2196e7670c1de0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Oep0z2ILY0ySG4vw5zG+f1+MrpzzL1aSpyTHVsVCjLMRvDrQuhHhVvLqmFX6XXaKx0yLCKun2VkZn47hgZccCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:30:09.563144Z","bundle_sha256":"4dff256c0d172d7562297593be4525ff13f1c5bfb12d02eea196d91b338cd3ea"}}