{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H","short_pith_number":"pith:AB6SRH4S","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1402.4192","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-02-18T00:28:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"5c5d3cfc40000589b4655e62e41316197cdf6a2913e167fc9e581525a5757399","abstract_canon_sha256":"a25dbaf957de39510f6cbab3648094de2fd208f2724d62d3c511775cfc3e6b88"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"007d289f92ed9d6329060f9045f460e1d78a72ab92d87c9c8dcd755dccc49a9b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1402.4192","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.4192","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.4192v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.4192","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AB6SRH4S5WOW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AB6SRH4S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1402.4192","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-02-18T00:28:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"5c5d3cfc40000589b4655e62e41316197cdf6a2913e167fc9e581525a5757399","abstract_canon_sha256":"a25dbaf957de39510f6cbab3648094de2fd208f2724d62d3c511775cfc3e6b88"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"007d289f92ed9d6329060f9045f460e1d78a72ab92d87c9c8dcd755dccc49a9b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01.718331Z","signature_b64":"hXloXgbpchwtE10NmgScG+CmSwZaqiSQTrb/CuNAYll0pcozQG+Hiv93lFC0qkmpRZeuHr2/MXKCgOAJ37pBAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"007d289f92ed9d6329060f9045f460e1d78a72ab92d87c9c8dcd755dccc49a9b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01.717722Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01.717722Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1402.4192","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rACMpDIr/D1wW+qnGISGnUEur57l6rBj2OA3v7/H60/zDKslknracnrOKpzSJxWKSwOhe9RfWrHBO5sdKA2VBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T12:11:06.502616Z"},"content_sha256":"55e5d47ad4b6d4274adddc1410e52bddf8881cd1c8213c14eaa78abc9e92a097","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:55e5d47ad4b6d4274adddc1410e52bddf8881cd1c8213c14eaa78abc9e92a097"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Tunable Band Gap and Anisotropic Optical Response in Few-layer Black Phosphorus","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Li Yang, Ryan Soklaski, Vy Tran, Yufeng Liang","submitted_at":"2014-02-18T00:28:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report the quasiparticle band gap, excitons, and highly anisotropic optical responses of few-layer black phosphorous (phosphorene). It is shown that these new materials exhibit unique many-electron effects; the electronic structures are dispersive essentially along one dimension, leading to particularly enhanced self-energy corrections and excitonic effects. Additionally, within a wide energy range, including infrared light and part of visible light, few-layer black phosphorous absorbs light polarized along the structure's armchair direction and is transparent to light polarized along the z"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.4192","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"72QU0GeD3OL8AjGakXS7/jy3qnf341Dj9lUKhdE2UZLQv/9Uy6K5zH2/o4LhBUou6X+MtVc/qTIklC+4m6qZDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T12:11:06.502967Z"},"content_sha256":"5ffaf32e1301a3800a701fc942bfdffd44b1916bea74637d80b23609ce5dfa0d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5ffaf32e1301a3800a701fc942bfdffd44b1916bea74637d80b23609ce5dfa0d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T12:11:06Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIGB6IEL5DA4H","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a25dbaf957de39510f6cbab3648094de2fd208f2724d62d3c511775cfc3e6b88","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-02-18T00:28:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"5c5d3cfc40000589b4655e62e41316197cdf6a2913e167fc9e581525a5757399"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.4192","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.4192","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.4192v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.4192","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AB6SRH4S5WOW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AB6SRH4S5WOWGKIG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AB6SRH4S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5ffaf32e1301a3800a701fc942bfdffd44b1916bea74637d80b23609ce5dfa0d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We report the quasiparticle band gap, excitons, and highly anisotropic optical responses of few-layer black phosphorous (phosphorene). It is shown that these new materials exhibit unique many-electron effects; the electronic structures are dispersive essentially along one dimension, leading to particularly enhanced self-energy corrections and excitonic effects. Additionally, within a wide energy range, including infrared light and part of visible light, few-layer black phosphorous absorbs light polarized along the structure's armchair direction and is transparent to light polarized along the z","authors_text":"Li Yang, Ryan Soklaski, Vy Tran, Yufeng Liang","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-02-18T00:28:46Z","title":"Tunable Band Gap and Anisotropic Optical Response in Few-layer Black Phosphorus"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.4192","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:55e5d47ad4b6d4274adddc1410e52bddf8881cd1c8213c14eaa78abc9e92a097","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a25dbaf957de39510f6cbab3648094de2fd208f2724d62d3c511775cfc3e6b88","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-02-18T00:28:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"5c5d3cfc40000589b4655e62e41316197cdf6a2913e167fc9e581525a5757399"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.4192","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"007d289f92ed9d6329060f9045f460e1d78a72ab92d87c9c8dcd755dccc49a9b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"007d289f92ed9d6329060f9045f460e1d78a72ab92d87c9c8dcd755dccc49a9b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01.717722Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01.717722Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hXloXgbpchwtE10NmgScG+CmSwZaqiSQTrb/CuNAYll0pcozQG+Hiv93lFC0qkmpRZeuHr2/MXKCgOAJ37pBAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:49:01.718331Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1402.4192","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:55e5d47ad4b6d4274adddc1410e52bddf8881cd1c8213c14eaa78abc9e92a097","sha256:5ffaf32e1301a3800a701fc942bfdffd44b1916bea74637d80b23609ce5dfa0d"],"state_sha256":"73d0296d8acfbaa1af94a3050096f20ca4d485aaead1447c526c6b4faaa7c2fa"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bcwSJtF8Y3MXwPA9Jx0yr4TsKsClGIQKAGDzHyMxQx0l/0r13ktq7Urmqc60rPWJNGt7R5Fty4t6QHLH1GvPBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T12:11:06.504900Z","bundle_sha256":"58d52279a02b3e2d1e99090d0a4fb7a4376f291b2b33e1418b7d2c805f3900ad"}}