{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5","short_pith_number":"pith:ABP4MQB5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-06-10T20:06:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","econ.EM","q-bio.QM"],"title_canon_sha256":"ef613affe7c30b4b9e926746246b5919aae0f4ef78c51dcfe278b4722cfd7139","abstract_canon_sha256":"1783b1d052b42fa62567fc4574e2cfc1370cd8928f54cc2ceca99d99e88614c1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"005fc6403d30f8f44b53250ea06e197f577efee529fbe5ccfd92dadb94aa18b0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2406.06768","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.06768","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.06768v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.06768","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ABP4MQB5GD4P","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2T","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ABP4MQB5","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-06-10T20:06:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","econ.EM","q-bio.QM"],"title_canon_sha256":"ef613affe7c30b4b9e926746246b5919aae0f4ef78c51dcfe278b4722cfd7139","abstract_canon_sha256":"1783b1d052b42fa62567fc4574e2cfc1370cd8928f54cc2ceca99d99e88614c1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"005fc6403d30f8f44b53250ea06e197f577efee529fbe5ccfd92dadb94aa18b0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49.687250Z","signature_b64":"BDYa9hVa5iaffobXQEt7SQayDaEUGKdsK6jQFoO0z5/UqZZ8C950x1mc3dEmGsPTebpcAZDfj8jfzl7fUUiyDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"005fc6403d30f8f44b53250ea06e197f577efee529fbe5ccfd92dadb94aa18b0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49.686731Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49.686731Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2406.06768","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XBzIFXZIVIUn4VewBQ1YiWQ6Hsk7q20qdHsBXabr2gB5clYPdFL2jUjMxDaQTlthLzLRVVnPb3BYWxtavLOVAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:20:28.784316Z"},"content_sha256":"7fbe66171d88f5317dcfbf19ea0da3293e0f9be03624c39f86adb95bfdfdedea","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7fbe66171d88f5317dcfbf19ea0da3293e0f9be03624c39f86adb95bfdfdedea"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Data-Driven Switchback Experiments: Theoretical Tradeoffs and Empirical Bayes Designs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","econ.EM","q-bio.QM"],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Alex Chin, Ruoxuan Xiong, Sean J. Taylor","submitted_at":"2024-06-10T20:06:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the design and analysis of switchback experiments conducted on a single aggregate unit. The design problem is to partition the continuous time space into intervals and switch treatments between intervals, in order to minimize the estimation error of the treatment effect. We show that the estimation error depends on four factors: carryover effects, periodicity, serially correlated outcomes, and impacts from simultaneous experiments. We derive a rigorous bias-variance decomposition and show the tradeoffs of the estimation error from these factors. The decomposition provides three new in"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2406.06768/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vTvU5V8qmNhobr8U/Xqvl3/TocNGo7XaeF1ZI3PvNFqm6rL28HGSfagenHguDVelXNf6qux1sF5/RvgCoqWcBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:20:28.784837Z"},"content_sha256":"4b88b835e3b5e51135a6254ef2fbf91fc64590479edd3f88649945b11f30e229","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4b88b835e3b5e51135a6254ef2fbf91fc64590479edd3f88649945b11f30e229"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T22:20:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2TEUHKA3QZP5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1783b1d052b42fa62567fc4574e2cfc1370cd8928f54cc2ceca99d99e88614c1","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","econ.EM","q-bio.QM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-06-10T20:06:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"ef613affe7c30b4b9e926746246b5919aae0f4ef78c51dcfe278b4722cfd7139"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.06768","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.06768v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.06768","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ABP4MQB5GD4P","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ABP4MQB5GD4PIS2T","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ABP4MQB5","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4b88b835e3b5e51135a6254ef2fbf91fc64590479edd3f88649945b11f30e229","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2406.06768/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the design and analysis of switchback experiments conducted on a single aggregate unit. The design problem is to partition the continuous time space into intervals and switch treatments between intervals, in order to minimize the estimation error of the treatment effect. We show that the estimation error depends on four factors: carryover effects, periodicity, serially correlated outcomes, and impacts from simultaneous experiments. We derive a rigorous bias-variance decomposition and show the tradeoffs of the estimation error from these factors. The decomposition provides three new in","authors_text":"Alex Chin, Ruoxuan Xiong, Sean J. Taylor","cross_cats":["cs.LG","econ.EM","q-bio.QM"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-06-10T20:06:53Z","title":"Data-Driven Switchback Experiments: Theoretical Tradeoffs and Empirical Bayes Designs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7fbe66171d88f5317dcfbf19ea0da3293e0f9be03624c39f86adb95bfdfdedea","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1783b1d052b42fa62567fc4574e2cfc1370cd8928f54cc2ceca99d99e88614c1","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","econ.EM","q-bio.QM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-06-10T20:06:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"ef613affe7c30b4b9e926746246b5919aae0f4ef78c51dcfe278b4722cfd7139"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"005fc6403d30f8f44b53250ea06e197f577efee529fbe5ccfd92dadb94aa18b0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"005fc6403d30f8f44b53250ea06e197f577efee529fbe5ccfd92dadb94aa18b0","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49.686731Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49.686731Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BDYa9hVa5iaffobXQEt7SQayDaEUGKdsK6jQFoO0z5/UqZZ8C950x1mc3dEmGsPTebpcAZDfj8jfzl7fUUiyDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:29:49.687250Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2406.06768","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7fbe66171d88f5317dcfbf19ea0da3293e0f9be03624c39f86adb95bfdfdedea","sha256:4b88b835e3b5e51135a6254ef2fbf91fc64590479edd3f88649945b11f30e229"],"state_sha256":"6af92fb2d98faf765bdb7be16ef9cd245f17e68345076653db2ad6ae5296623b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yRoxX+PtOpP6XDsfIACyRu1naRsXFWSRlvJYfSpUD08t1hBbHo/w79EXj2FePNO9JGpGc9w0NRmwymOQir/9DQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:20:28.789144Z","bundle_sha256":"19b7c22c936a8d40c965e138406643f301bafde939247ed75cf5ea512f0d42b1"}}