{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O","short_pith_number":"pith:AFRMVIEV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1008.1442","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2010-08-09T02:39:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.PR"],"title_canon_sha256":"c4ff5a62b4a3da87cc327f6c29b20c0871e63ab5de720a1f39bced8cd9193f8b","abstract_canon_sha256":"307f3b7748a242ab06c595c9f8232c441f7b96f51ae918cbbc698edb2ef50148"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0162caa095b008bd24e8e41605edb2fba523d791d4f25e95e64ab011cb936f1d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1008.1442","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1008.1442","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1008.1442v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1008.1442","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AFRMVIEVWAEL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AFRMVIEV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1008.1442","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2010-08-09T02:39:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.PR"],"title_canon_sha256":"c4ff5a62b4a3da87cc327f6c29b20c0871e63ab5de720a1f39bced8cd9193f8b","abstract_canon_sha256":"307f3b7748a242ab06c595c9f8232c441f7b96f51ae918cbbc698edb2ef50148"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0162caa095b008bd24e8e41605edb2fba523d791d4f25e95e64ab011cb936f1d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23.511225Z","signature_b64":"1Hw3BlwC80r309IRIORTETWE60Nvbvy5DnsCtlmPjM3ETpDKEyfrdui3+pIBtMoFrm2Z5vkIBqfJI/X9ABQDDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0162caa095b008bd24e8e41605edb2fba523d791d4f25e95e64ab011cb936f1d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23.510597Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23.510597Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1008.1442","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Y4Uez71bvS04kKR4NzRn9bIPNUyr+gOSduQ5jI4hCfOD5oSIvNpej7pWJG0kwEYAjsU9r0bkcnkuuwT5MDe1Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:37:23.256000Z"},"content_sha256":"f9d049bfc1d6aef08097fc8e0fc2572b0c61f04e841d8fa682e6bbefb64f9cf9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f9d049bfc1d6aef08097fc8e0fc2572b0c61f04e841d8fa682e6bbefb64f9cf9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimal strategies for throwing accurately","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.PR"],"primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","authors_text":"L. Mahadevan, Madhusudhan Venkadesan","submitted_at":"2010-08-09T02:39:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"Accuracy of throwing in games and sports is governed by how errors at projectile release are propagated by flight dynamics. To address the question of what governs the choice of throwing strategy, we use a simple model of throwing with an arm modelled as a hinged bar of fixed length that can release a projectile at any angle and angular velocity. We show that the amplification of deviations in launch parameters from a one parameter family of solution curves is quantified by the largest singular value of an appropriate Jacobian. This allows us to predict a preferred throwing style in terms of t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1008.1442","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZJ0D1Wkliti+zAu4tWRrcIJ1Pon9Ak4Wiecj8LBuJAmki9X8W7Jr2vZHna17/LrfN8Kvts2OneEPuSmjSWWbCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:37:23.256355Z"},"content_sha256":"ffbd4ef1696a086e640b11cab5671db1d34d466c810d7e6b298299c770166fa9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ffbd4ef1696a086e640b11cab5671db1d34d466c810d7e6b298299c770166fa9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-19T11:37:23Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI4QLAL3NS7O","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"307f3b7748a242ab06c595c9f8232c441f7b96f51ae918cbbc698edb2ef50148","cross_cats_sorted":["math.PR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2010-08-09T02:39:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"c4ff5a62b4a3da87cc327f6c29b20c0871e63ab5de720a1f39bced8cd9193f8b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1008.1442","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1008.1442","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1008.1442v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1008.1442","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AFRMVIEVWAEL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AFRMVIEVWAEL2JHI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AFRMVIEV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ffbd4ef1696a086e640b11cab5671db1d34d466c810d7e6b298299c770166fa9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Accuracy of throwing in games and sports is governed by how errors at projectile release are propagated by flight dynamics. To address the question of what governs the choice of throwing strategy, we use a simple model of throwing with an arm modelled as a hinged bar of fixed length that can release a projectile at any angle and angular velocity. We show that the amplification of deviations in launch parameters from a one parameter family of solution curves is quantified by the largest singular value of an appropriate Jacobian. This allows us to predict a preferred throwing style in terms of t","authors_text":"L. Mahadevan, Madhusudhan Venkadesan","cross_cats":["math.PR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2010-08-09T02:39:51Z","title":"Optimal strategies for throwing accurately"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1008.1442","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f9d049bfc1d6aef08097fc8e0fc2572b0c61f04e841d8fa682e6bbefb64f9cf9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"307f3b7748a242ab06c595c9f8232c441f7b96f51ae918cbbc698edb2ef50148","cross_cats_sorted":["math.PR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2010-08-09T02:39:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"c4ff5a62b4a3da87cc327f6c29b20c0871e63ab5de720a1f39bced8cd9193f8b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1008.1442","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0162caa095b008bd24e8e41605edb2fba523d791d4f25e95e64ab011cb936f1d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0162caa095b008bd24e8e41605edb2fba523d791d4f25e95e64ab011cb936f1d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23.510597Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23.510597Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1Hw3BlwC80r309IRIORTETWE60Nvbvy5DnsCtlmPjM3ETpDKEyfrdui3+pIBtMoFrm2Z5vkIBqfJI/X9ABQDDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:23.511225Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1008.1442","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f9d049bfc1d6aef08097fc8e0fc2572b0c61f04e841d8fa682e6bbefb64f9cf9","sha256:ffbd4ef1696a086e640b11cab5671db1d34d466c810d7e6b298299c770166fa9"],"state_sha256":"61ec776fea7f497a2d3181fa4e8c74e8ba37fa0b14fdb3bd61f31e2d74577eee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"h0DyncS0ndwvyvjFwFEHCBYDxXVKYsfIDBA0g22OcjhPXqVuAkOn6CzUZ0LFC3lisgtJDHAUvNbQ25zrvYbyCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:37:23.258017Z","bundle_sha256":"cc4ec94b95f9ee34eec8ed59b7e07d0c04fa48fa48498600cb89ab72df85eed0"}}