{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI","short_pith_number":"pith:AG3LHD45","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1901.05914","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2019-01-17T17:33:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"f28763f0929a8e9f4cd31260d0d38ac054b772adecedc4554ffa2f9ca35303a8","abstract_canon_sha256":"d9824049e14022e9873013f7408c018c796926e581df0303cc4d86229736b78f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"01b6b38f9d5760b411b35224e434ec8208cdf2018f9937a4c48430e5b4ad5a38","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1901.05914","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1901.05914","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1901.05914v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1901.05914","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AG3LHD45K5QL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AG3LHD45K5QLIENT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AG3LHD45","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1901.05914","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2019-01-17T17:33:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"f28763f0929a8e9f4cd31260d0d38ac054b772adecedc4554ffa2f9ca35303a8","abstract_canon_sha256":"d9824049e14022e9873013f7408c018c796926e581df0303cc4d86229736b78f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"01b6b38f9d5760b411b35224e434ec8208cdf2018f9937a4c48430e5b4ad5a38","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05.817058Z","signature_b64":"4muMKgmUbGGNVyt4rjX9Ex6GlsdPcalnQDzwJOva+aVdZ5pjU0mGfhngFrmOAKYHgx0FdMRWkwav2ywIxdsaDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"01b6b38f9d5760b411b35224e434ec8208cdf2018f9937a4c48430e5b4ad5a38","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05.816478Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05.816478Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1901.05914","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RXP46JYVTOl5U6Twb0WS1E24jyb0RYL0jSMyF1BWyuRQgzhGW1/C78OE9zV8DkbwSIp9WhMuxeDPCk7s4zDBAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T08:48:52.191127Z"},"content_sha256":"9379b7296cd132aecca0635700aa859f6d95e1a96a7025f82928c9a553997908","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9379b7296cd132aecca0635700aa859f6d95e1a96a7025f82928c9a553997908"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"FID: Function Modeling-based Data-Independent and Channel-Robust Physical-Layer Identification","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["eess.SP"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Kui Ren, Tianhang Zheng, Zhi Sun","submitted_at":"2019-01-17T17:33:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"Trusted identification is critical to secure IoT devices. However, the limited memory and computation power of low-end IoT devices prevent the direct usage of conventional identification systems. RF fingerprinting is a promising technique to identify low-end IoT devices since it only requires the RF signals that most IoT devices can produce for communication. However, most existing RF fingerprinting systems are data-dependent and/or not robust to impacts from wireless channels. To address the above problems, we propose to exploit the mathematical expression of the physical-layer process, regar"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1901.05914","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QaYwo59Kbp32Z384gfEft62beKu54XOlDHsDUBfzE9j0K+WQPldg8Rk6ZZfI+1JoLBZgz2ZgcDOJhAN9WAzZAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T08:48:52.191789Z"},"content_sha256":"7bbbaa6e919965407d5b636b83cb15b67848661d33d44c0c6976ecede354049f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7bbbaa6e919965407d5b636b83cb15b67848661d33d44c0c6976ecede354049f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T08:48:52Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:AG3LHD45K5QLIENTKISOINHMQI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d9824049e14022e9873013f7408c018c796926e581df0303cc4d86229736b78f","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2019-01-17T17:33:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"f28763f0929a8e9f4cd31260d0d38ac054b772adecedc4554ffa2f9ca35303a8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1901.05914","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1901.05914","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1901.05914v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1901.05914","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AG3LHD45K5QL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AG3LHD45K5QLIENT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AG3LHD45","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7bbbaa6e919965407d5b636b83cb15b67848661d33d44c0c6976ecede354049f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Trusted identification is critical to secure IoT devices. However, the limited memory and computation power of low-end IoT devices prevent the direct usage of conventional identification systems. RF fingerprinting is a promising technique to identify low-end IoT devices since it only requires the RF signals that most IoT devices can produce for communication. However, most existing RF fingerprinting systems are data-dependent and/or not robust to impacts from wireless channels. To address the above problems, we propose to exploit the mathematical expression of the physical-layer process, regar","authors_text":"Kui Ren, Tianhang Zheng, Zhi Sun","cross_cats":["eess.SP"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2019-01-17T17:33:16Z","title":"FID: Function Modeling-based Data-Independent and Channel-Robust Physical-Layer Identification"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1901.05914","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9379b7296cd132aecca0635700aa859f6d95e1a96a7025f82928c9a553997908","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d9824049e14022e9873013f7408c018c796926e581df0303cc4d86229736b78f","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2019-01-17T17:33:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"f28763f0929a8e9f4cd31260d0d38ac054b772adecedc4554ffa2f9ca35303a8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1901.05914","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"01b6b38f9d5760b411b35224e434ec8208cdf2018f9937a4c48430e5b4ad5a38","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"01b6b38f9d5760b411b35224e434ec8208cdf2018f9937a4c48430e5b4ad5a38","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05.816478Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05.816478Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4muMKgmUbGGNVyt4rjX9Ex6GlsdPcalnQDzwJOva+aVdZ5pjU0mGfhngFrmOAKYHgx0FdMRWkwav2ywIxdsaDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:05.817058Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1901.05914","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9379b7296cd132aecca0635700aa859f6d95e1a96a7025f82928c9a553997908","sha256:7bbbaa6e919965407d5b636b83cb15b67848661d33d44c0c6976ecede354049f"],"state_sha256":"9922fcea58d2eaa68bc2a72696f0e76f5eebc77d614a46894c0253c8feac8725"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sr/O5zsX1OHHQU2ES5WG4uGLKbf7q4dl2TqzSAsh/wpCXkUD0+jYt59gDQLnMmmHlRGrugGOAqJAXan5mOhADA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T08:48:52.195125Z","bundle_sha256":"624b9fa2af7b1d76aafba5c1a07fc268f59e7c6f4ca8e1eec49d135ff2bb3055"}}