{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT","short_pith_number":"pith:AGJKROAW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2409.07729","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2024-09-12T03:33:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d11d2018083612969b1c9f4b6ddd49c2382f35b2bc691e1fc9eaf8fef7ad6239","abstract_canon_sha256":"056dabe5602c71802d997a56821a65a811d6c5ca2810c150466355028743ec34"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0192a8b816fe909a9f7787b4904389c4fbd62d9cf2044238d356c9fd50b91c5c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2409.07729","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.07729","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.07729v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.07729","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AGJKROAW72IJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AGJKROAW72IJVH3X","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AGJKROAW","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2409.07729","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2024-09-12T03:33:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d11d2018083612969b1c9f4b6ddd49c2382f35b2bc691e1fc9eaf8fef7ad6239","abstract_canon_sha256":"056dabe5602c71802d997a56821a65a811d6c5ca2810c150466355028743ec34"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0192a8b816fe909a9f7787b4904389c4fbd62d9cf2044238d356c9fd50b91c5c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14.247763Z","signature_b64":"k6RFSPObikc3Xn5bfsAKQA/grcxvYF8bqR0TYgmJw+SiDzl/O8dpj3lxNs1C+el2QqFawyA91uDj/JV+ew4rCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0192a8b816fe909a9f7787b4904389c4fbd62d9cf2044238d356c9fd50b91c5c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14.247343Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14.247343Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2409.07729","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CBuMYUTa6RvkhPC2pCpF3BIvw3OLCmPeLnvCo5RY3dXM8fuOWhd/TVBi2wuqH9LJT8SkSEN3GiHdupAcUznXAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T07:38:00.004280Z"},"content_sha256":"25335b3303999e233ea7832cf643ca67f9e0161c52570b2534043485a419180e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:25335b3303999e233ea7832cf643ca67f9e0161c52570b2534043485a419180e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"An Integral-Based Technique (IBT) to Accelerate the Monte-Carlo Radiative Transfer Computation for Supernovae","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Daniel Kasen, Lifan Wang, Xingzhuo Chen","submitted_at":"2024-09-12T03:33:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present an integral-based technique (IBT) algorithm to accelerate supernova (SN) radiative transfer calculations. The algorithm utilizes ``integral packets'', which are calculated by the path integral of the Monte-Carlo energy packets, to synthesize the observed spectropolarimetric signal at a given viewing direction in a 3-D time-dependent radiative transfer program. Compared to the event-based technique (EBT) proposed by (Bulla et al. 2015), our algorithm significantly reduces the computation time and increases the Monte-Carlo signal-to-noise ratio. Using a 1-D spherical symmetric type Ia"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.07729","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2409.07729/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+DDecrVyWo/5DcPV5y1pTD0OvLGBiwJcGvLdEzxM5IfFFX+NM5atTmFtSg/vhbLLuUF3Y0CUPAwksDcQZTPkBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T07:38:00.005244Z"},"content_sha256":"656542604f17eec7bfeb76af001f1d3b58ea1f295a9610dd7ec80e3009bbfd39","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:656542604f17eec7bfeb76af001f1d3b58ea1f295a9610dd7ec80e3009bbfd39"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T07:38:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:AGJKROAW72IJVH3XQ62JAQ4JYT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"056dabe5602c71802d997a56821a65a811d6c5ca2810c150466355028743ec34","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2024-09-12T03:33:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"d11d2018083612969b1c9f4b6ddd49c2382f35b2bc691e1fc9eaf8fef7ad6239"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.07729","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.07729","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.07729v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.07729","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AGJKROAW72IJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AGJKROAW72IJVH3X","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AGJKROAW","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:656542604f17eec7bfeb76af001f1d3b58ea1f295a9610dd7ec80e3009bbfd39","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2409.07729/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present an integral-based technique (IBT) algorithm to accelerate supernova (SN) radiative transfer calculations. The algorithm utilizes ``integral packets'', which are calculated by the path integral of the Monte-Carlo energy packets, to synthesize the observed spectropolarimetric signal at a given viewing direction in a 3-D time-dependent radiative transfer program. Compared to the event-based technique (EBT) proposed by (Bulla et al. 2015), our algorithm significantly reduces the computation time and increases the Monte-Carlo signal-to-noise ratio. Using a 1-D spherical symmetric type Ia","authors_text":"Daniel Kasen, Lifan Wang, Xingzhuo Chen","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2024-09-12T03:33:11Z","title":"An Integral-Based Technique (IBT) to Accelerate the Monte-Carlo Radiative Transfer Computation for Supernovae"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.07729","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:25335b3303999e233ea7832cf643ca67f9e0161c52570b2534043485a419180e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"056dabe5602c71802d997a56821a65a811d6c5ca2810c150466355028743ec34","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2024-09-12T03:33:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"d11d2018083612969b1c9f4b6ddd49c2382f35b2bc691e1fc9eaf8fef7ad6239"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.07729","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0192a8b816fe909a9f7787b4904389c4fbd62d9cf2044238d356c9fd50b91c5c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0192a8b816fe909a9f7787b4904389c4fbd62d9cf2044238d356c9fd50b91c5c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14.247343Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14.247343Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"k6RFSPObikc3Xn5bfsAKQA/grcxvYF8bqR0TYgmJw+SiDzl/O8dpj3lxNs1C+el2QqFawyA91uDj/JV+ew4rCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:06:14.247763Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2409.07729","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:25335b3303999e233ea7832cf643ca67f9e0161c52570b2534043485a419180e","sha256:656542604f17eec7bfeb76af001f1d3b58ea1f295a9610dd7ec80e3009bbfd39"],"state_sha256":"b4fb4342e8758a1ecdc2aefc70850970b8dc8b033a60b7964e78120308f42443"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vYtLvJGTAw4a0zWajgRc9a2nz36lTntFb0xlmShhjR2e8e3V/gxyctpmUG8vv8rL8u/xRd8Ai08FvURhGdjnBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T07:38:00.011930Z","bundle_sha256":"17061f6b675feacc0800ba786569a0e7bbf461fda7964e8eaae62945c60adf42"}}