{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3","short_pith_number":"pith:AHJ3WBWX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1607.00818","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-07-04T10:50:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"85697ccb5252463db4e0aa91faf7d4c8799633133680c0392073973ee4f8022d","abstract_canon_sha256":"8f214f45e807b0344d78ca5fd25ac1bef9c158d97c97ff29e2e59191533aff92"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"01d3bb06d7f03c547f43a5a340d6d89edd538f7d7d617b7ff6bc39a4c6bf1928","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1607.00818","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1607.00818","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1607.00818v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1607.00818","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AHJ3WBWX6A6F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AHJ3WBWX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1607.00818","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-07-04T10:50:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"85697ccb5252463db4e0aa91faf7d4c8799633133680c0392073973ee4f8022d","abstract_canon_sha256":"8f214f45e807b0344d78ca5fd25ac1bef9c158d97c97ff29e2e59191533aff92"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"01d3bb06d7f03c547f43a5a340d6d89edd538f7d7d617b7ff6bc39a4c6bf1928","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24.533514Z","signature_b64":"nman/4AF4fQ8K+jHGlvlKYx4qWblds+cmsj8hT30zqQIUuUqz6dZ8sxfS6uR09C4eFRIRbD6Db9IQSDbLBEoAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"01d3bb06d7f03c547f43a5a340d6d89edd538f7d7d617b7ff6bc39a4c6bf1928","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24.532935Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24.532935Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1607.00818","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZaasAo3jHNvXzjjUFhQjXeXdGIANxsCNwAOBe4Mad1LWhZCfHYugxf1Dx8LkZU7AHGt24UHfmu8pFpY8rJ2YAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T15:52:49.627873Z"},"content_sha256":"dd6c1010f232d2508e5d921fd89f191389641a20ad4811e58eee92e88f471bfc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dd6c1010f232d2508e5d921fd89f191389641a20ad4811e58eee92e88f471bfc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Large Cross-Phase Modulations at the Few-Photon Level","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Hsiang-Yu Lo, Ite A. Yu, Pin-Ju Tsai, Yen-Chun Chen, Yi-Hsin Chen, Ying-Cheng Chen, Yong-Fan Chen, Zi-Yu Liu","submitted_at":"2016-07-04T10:50:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"We demonstrate an efficient cross-phase modulation (XPM) based on a closed-loop double-{\\Lambda} system. The property of the double-{\\Lambda} medium can be controlled by changing the phases of the applied optical fields. This phase-dependent XPM scheme can achieve large phase modulations at low-light intensities without requiring cavities or tightly focusing of laser beams. With this scheme, we observe a {\\pi}-level phase shift with two pulses both consisting of 8 photons in cold rubidium atoms. Such novel scheme provides a simple route to generate strong interactions between photons and may h"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1607.00818","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JJKv1pC7nTr6RKNz5GqnZ/eT8H8IwcxXTWO+cFQjXQxOQW7n3FRc5PxUqU7lJx8svhYZJfNOOYN31XYy7Z9sAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T15:52:49.628550Z"},"content_sha256":"55fc4b52695acacc0ec3f41dcc932fca3b619b21f1f74bd4fdcfdbbd7cec269b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:55fc4b52695acacc0ec3f41dcc932fca3b619b21f1f74bd4fdcfdbbd7cec269b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-29T15:52:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72DUWRUBVWYT3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8f214f45e807b0344d78ca5fd25ac1bef9c158d97c97ff29e2e59191533aff92","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-07-04T10:50:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"85697ccb5252463db4e0aa91faf7d4c8799633133680c0392073973ee4f8022d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1607.00818","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1607.00818","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1607.00818v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1607.00818","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AHJ3WBWX6A6F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AHJ3WBWX6A6FI72D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AHJ3WBWX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:55fc4b52695acacc0ec3f41dcc932fca3b619b21f1f74bd4fdcfdbbd7cec269b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We demonstrate an efficient cross-phase modulation (XPM) based on a closed-loop double-{\\Lambda} system. The property of the double-{\\Lambda} medium can be controlled by changing the phases of the applied optical fields. This phase-dependent XPM scheme can achieve large phase modulations at low-light intensities without requiring cavities or tightly focusing of laser beams. With this scheme, we observe a {\\pi}-level phase shift with two pulses both consisting of 8 photons in cold rubidium atoms. Such novel scheme provides a simple route to generate strong interactions between photons and may h","authors_text":"Hsiang-Yu Lo, Ite A. Yu, Pin-Ju Tsai, Yen-Chun Chen, Yi-Hsin Chen, Ying-Cheng Chen, Yong-Fan Chen, Zi-Yu Liu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-07-04T10:50:28Z","title":"Large Cross-Phase Modulations at the Few-Photon Level"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1607.00818","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:dd6c1010f232d2508e5d921fd89f191389641a20ad4811e58eee92e88f471bfc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8f214f45e807b0344d78ca5fd25ac1bef9c158d97c97ff29e2e59191533aff92","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2016-07-04T10:50:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"85697ccb5252463db4e0aa91faf7d4c8799633133680c0392073973ee4f8022d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1607.00818","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"01d3bb06d7f03c547f43a5a340d6d89edd538f7d7d617b7ff6bc39a4c6bf1928","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"01d3bb06d7f03c547f43a5a340d6d89edd538f7d7d617b7ff6bc39a4c6bf1928","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24.532935Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24.532935Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nman/4AF4fQ8K+jHGlvlKYx4qWblds+cmsj8hT30zqQIUuUqz6dZ8sxfS6uR09C4eFRIRbD6Db9IQSDbLBEoAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:59:24.533514Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1607.00818","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:dd6c1010f232d2508e5d921fd89f191389641a20ad4811e58eee92e88f471bfc","sha256:55fc4b52695acacc0ec3f41dcc932fca3b619b21f1f74bd4fdcfdbbd7cec269b"],"state_sha256":"26d51e2dbb8182350d9ea78b8eba8359b6c0c1a18a312cdb9641c45d10ed2e9c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iePmh4ydjqGbiB0kWP12kfx4QOCZh+kGYPYu8sXAQPMTv2FA1u2TM7QecAIyMEEmjZsrYvokHLMtMl8OFAofCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T15:52:49.632209Z","bundle_sha256":"74e0c6a06258a088b6075e619ee6e5bdaf9e2d93ae195c54ec9cdba0d01c8b2d"}}