{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO","short_pith_number":"pith:AKAY2ZMC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2204.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-14T05:58:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"cb8c48ec12b94a2dbad74d7c4c7a43ed601cc42334ada1d0ee16c4f5e8b40604","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d61280f1066f1da421e61be9502a418fa7388384a14d7acc39e0fdc6ed82006"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"02818d65827f8d600faaa2f8685a4f8bbd0011e5da779fb38eee2bff19bafb3a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2204.06768","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2204.06768","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2204.06768v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2204.06768","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AKAY2ZMCP6GW","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5K","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AKAY2ZMC","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2204.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-14T05:58:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"cb8c48ec12b94a2dbad74d7c4c7a43ed601cc42334ada1d0ee16c4f5e8b40604","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d61280f1066f1da421e61be9502a418fa7388384a14d7acc39e0fdc6ed82006"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"02818d65827f8d600faaa2f8685a4f8bbd0011e5da779fb38eee2bff19bafb3a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36.213506Z","signature_b64":"B4XX9hfidtdvEtdFOCjCcIY3UBg7opO30CD986oeiLU7jzbDKW0AmAPZEgJN28sjuZHECA5RvHXeAYkh3uMYAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"02818d65827f8d600faaa2f8685a4f8bbd0011e5da779fb38eee2bff19bafb3a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36.212939Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36.212939Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2204.06768","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PrzA/Wak4eMZNILDPNRIlQGcUlP686vHPOxI8+npdeosCeeqEQq+C5D9aqLrV9t496YxJZacRJPyrgCh5ny+Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T12:33:54.797192Z"},"content_sha256":"820fe8d5c006f40208c160d7968c3290d92de8019a87be9186d1aa6916af8c1c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:820fe8d5c006f40208c160d7968c3290d92de8019a87be9186d1aa6916af8c1c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Strategic Safety-Critical Attacks Against an Advanced Driver Assistance System","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Anna Schmedding, Evgenia Smirni, Haotian Ren, Homa Alemzadeh, Lishan Yang, Philip Schowitz, Xugui Zhou","submitted_at":"2022-04-14T05:58:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"A growing number of vehicles are being transformed into semi-autonomous vehicles (Level 2 autonomy) by relying on advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) to improve the driving experience. However, the increasing complexity and connectivity of ADAS expose the vehicles to safety-critical faults and attacks. This paper investigates the resilience of a widely-used ADAS against safety-critical attacks that target the control system at opportune times during different driving scenarios and cause accidents. Experimental results show that our proposed Context-Aware attacks can achieve an 83.4% succ"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2204.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2204.06768/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zU5tIYTRQCoBAmmNKWk+LTr8PUDwcY8CVcCceLGBhA9OuybOkE2TCifsne7kWVzZs97G9SGLTT+HI5I4tKbMAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T12:33:54.797578Z"},"content_sha256":"24f5b5e54d89636cca4a8586e58b0c01e60802d4c2720f13112b0ce5dc8c1161","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:24f5b5e54d89636cca4a8586e58b0c01e60802d4c2720f13112b0ce5dc8c1161"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T12:33:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5KUL4GQWSPRO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d61280f1066f1da421e61be9502a418fa7388384a14d7acc39e0fdc6ed82006","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-14T05:58:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"cb8c48ec12b94a2dbad74d7c4c7a43ed601cc42334ada1d0ee16c4f5e8b40604"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2204.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2204.06768","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2204.06768v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2204.06768","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AKAY2ZMCP6GW","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AKAY2ZMCP6GWAD5K","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AKAY2ZMC","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:24f5b5e54d89636cca4a8586e58b0c01e60802d4c2720f13112b0ce5dc8c1161","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2204.06768/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A growing number of vehicles are being transformed into semi-autonomous vehicles (Level 2 autonomy) by relying on advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) to improve the driving experience. However, the increasing complexity and connectivity of ADAS expose the vehicles to safety-critical faults and attacks. This paper investigates the resilience of a widely-used ADAS against safety-critical attacks that target the control system at opportune times during different driving scenarios and cause accidents. Experimental results show that our proposed Context-Aware attacks can achieve an 83.4% succ","authors_text":"Anna Schmedding, Evgenia Smirni, Haotian Ren, Homa Alemzadeh, Lishan Yang, Philip Schowitz, Xugui Zhou","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-14T05:58:26Z","title":"Strategic Safety-Critical Attacks Against an Advanced Driver Assistance System"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2204.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:820fe8d5c006f40208c160d7968c3290d92de8019a87be9186d1aa6916af8c1c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d61280f1066f1da421e61be9502a418fa7388384a14d7acc39e0fdc6ed82006","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-14T05:58:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"cb8c48ec12b94a2dbad74d7c4c7a43ed601cc42334ada1d0ee16c4f5e8b40604"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2204.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"02818d65827f8d600faaa2f8685a4f8bbd0011e5da779fb38eee2bff19bafb3a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"02818d65827f8d600faaa2f8685a4f8bbd0011e5da779fb38eee2bff19bafb3a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36.212939Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36.212939Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"B4XX9hfidtdvEtdFOCjCcIY3UBg7opO30CD986oeiLU7jzbDKW0AmAPZEgJN28sjuZHECA5RvHXeAYkh3uMYAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:37:36.213506Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2204.06768","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:820fe8d5c006f40208c160d7968c3290d92de8019a87be9186d1aa6916af8c1c","sha256:24f5b5e54d89636cca4a8586e58b0c01e60802d4c2720f13112b0ce5dc8c1161"],"state_sha256":"739fb1d62c623f1993ea74670f837c703da71db986769beddd7a093908101d02"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JvNOxucVh2FVMe52le8emxp8TPkz2gUbyB79/zojIKV+iI//fz/vCxY+h/yD6DKPSECSLcxKujLUCH+7dBlUDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T12:33:54.799509Z","bundle_sha256":"44baebd22bff3daa401bac8a74d08131d6dbbb6af7e0fc4bd455f8ed28ead6ca"}}