{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:AM7HX7LGIUMRKXP6FOQQUOG4PU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8420f3755fe7cdbc843f152856d0679f653674bb2662170bbddc3eea5dd5f2f1","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2021-10-06T18:00:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"40dc6b8fd1b4525f2300f64d35b32e4b204e9a3fc85f42bfa672e06d2d05b1d7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2110.02981","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2110.02981","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2110.02981v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2110.02981","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AM7HX7LGIUMR","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AM7HX7LGIUMRKXP6","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AM7HX7LG","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:341a89ad1b8775dd00dd57d1378ea42d31d8072ad6ca6548ce508e10b62acc7f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2110.02981/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the Standard Model with gauged $\\mathbb Z_{N=2,3,6}^{(1)}$ subgroups of its $\\mathbb Z_6^{(1)}$ 1-form global symmetry, making the gauge group $SU(3) \\times SU(2)\\times U(1) \\over \\mathbb Z_N$. We show that, on a finite $\\mathbb T^3$, there are self-dual instantons of fractional topological charge. They mediate baryon- and lepton-number violating processes. We compare their amplitudes to the ones due to the usual BPST-instantons. We find that the small hypercharge coupling suppresses the fractional-instanton contribution, unless the torus size is taken sub-Planckian, or extra matter i","authors_text":"Erich Poppitz, Mohamed M. Anber","cross_cats":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2021-10-06T18:00:13Z","title":"Nonperturbative effects in the Standard Model with gauged 1-form symmetry"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2110.02981","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d38ac54925db554e1122ec37f4ea84b43a3be3353f95c4e5128b6d7657324901","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8420f3755fe7cdbc843f152856d0679f653674bb2662170bbddc3eea5dd5f2f1","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2021-10-06T18:00:13Z","title_canon_sha256":"40dc6b8fd1b4525f2300f64d35b32e4b204e9a3fc85f42bfa672e06d2d05b1d7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2110.02981","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"033e7bfd664519155dfe2ba10a38dc7d141b1a2062a8cf4cda01af2750f4f050","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"033e7bfd664519155dfe2ba10a38dc7d141b1a2062a8cf4cda01af2750f4f050","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48.465729Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48.465729Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"l5RowszEqi26qLN7PfbqQqxQvvM4zvAoqInYk4ihbd7Mlaqe4IddLhgpZMj7qHFLZfdsUnD17e7rl6C56Z/rCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:45:48.466163Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2110.02981","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d38ac54925db554e1122ec37f4ea84b43a3be3353f95c4e5128b6d7657324901","sha256:341a89ad1b8775dd00dd57d1378ea42d31d8072ad6ca6548ce508e10b62acc7f"],"state_sha256":"ac482d2b5f0ac1d6c1fd9a62e73989ee8dca0217e61b3951b082afce1b7d7c88"}