{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5","short_pith_number":"pith:AMSFIQPO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.03400","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-09-10T15:33:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.TH","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"bedf798744ee02c68f58a5fc9169bc9e0f95df56a71b44e28abac8263dce4b05","abstract_canon_sha256":"e69e72eea75826ce09ea22acc363fa67309be6298da7af7bf83b1f47134a85cc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"03245441ee0d7d5ee9a6a3b5806b69b7577efadd0fb3c429bdeedc1e3f962d3e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1809.03400","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.03400","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.03400v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.03400","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AMSFIQPOBV6V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AMSFIQPOBV6V52NG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AMSFIQPO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.03400","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-09-10T15:33:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.TH","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"bedf798744ee02c68f58a5fc9169bc9e0f95df56a71b44e28abac8263dce4b05","abstract_canon_sha256":"e69e72eea75826ce09ea22acc363fa67309be6298da7af7bf83b1f47134a85cc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"03245441ee0d7d5ee9a6a3b5806b69b7577efadd0fb3c429bdeedc1e3f962d3e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49.892979Z","signature_b64":"SsDCsLc2+I0J4nXxSvkQostVIuh4661WmLGUdEe6S3awrhxIf70UF48UODFxd2kkNTfHbsb+N31qjko5J5ltDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"03245441ee0d7d5ee9a6a3b5806b69b7577efadd0fb3c429bdeedc1e3f962d3e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49.892527Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49.892527Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1809.03400","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fkjS6MOs0+rg70wzBGNpcZZI4aOLV5+Iaj/u/WyfILoFbUvDAq9I9INJKxmvaXYKBAZqd/eC0VaqcSNX0SQvBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:40:59.368591Z"},"content_sha256":"2cf5e0202f54f83e8fe2ae590c1e355cb460404c4c2ea16183a0f2a036640d93","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2cf5e0202f54f83e8fe2ae590c1e355cb460404c4c2ea16183a0f2a036640d93"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Moral Framework for Understanding of Fair ML through Economic Models of Equality of Opportunity","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["econ.TH","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Andreas Krause, Hoda Heidari, Krishna P. Gummadi, Michele Loi","submitted_at":"2018-09-10T15:33:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"We map the recently proposed notions of algorithmic fairness to economic models of Equality of opportunity (EOP)---an extensively studied ideal of fairness in political philosophy. We formally show that through our conceptual mapping, many existing definition of algorithmic fairness, such as predictive value parity and equality of odds, can be interpreted as special cases of EOP. In this respect, our work serves as a unifying moral framework for understanding existing notions of algorithmic fairness. Most importantly, this framework allows us to explicitly spell out the moral assumptions under"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.03400","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kWBI72A0eB/M2cA977YiEXyJR4Z1EGThkJukbT1Kln+ivAGVh9I2ebR14DmZ1+tVUypV9gC0zGJ4VHmKxcRGDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:40:59.368953Z"},"content_sha256":"dac3fcbd3ce8a0829e7606e391629b4ca9407643fc79d2795d58bf70be9a9043","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dac3fcbd3ce8a0829e7606e391629b4ca9407643fc79d2795d58bf70be9a9043"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T07:40:59Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:AMSFIQPOBV6V52NGUO2YA23JW5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e69e72eea75826ce09ea22acc363fa67309be6298da7af7bf83b1f47134a85cc","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.TH","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-09-10T15:33:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"bedf798744ee02c68f58a5fc9169bc9e0f95df56a71b44e28abac8263dce4b05"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.03400","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.03400","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.03400v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.03400","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AMSFIQPOBV6V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AMSFIQPOBV6V52NG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AMSFIQPO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dac3fcbd3ce8a0829e7606e391629b4ca9407643fc79d2795d58bf70be9a9043","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We map the recently proposed notions of algorithmic fairness to economic models of Equality of opportunity (EOP)---an extensively studied ideal of fairness in political philosophy. We formally show that through our conceptual mapping, many existing definition of algorithmic fairness, such as predictive value parity and equality of odds, can be interpreted as special cases of EOP. In this respect, our work serves as a unifying moral framework for understanding existing notions of algorithmic fairness. Most importantly, this framework allows us to explicitly spell out the moral assumptions under","authors_text":"Andreas Krause, Hoda Heidari, Krishna P. Gummadi, Michele Loi","cross_cats":["econ.TH","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-09-10T15:33:51Z","title":"A Moral Framework for Understanding of Fair ML through Economic Models of Equality of Opportunity"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.03400","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2cf5e0202f54f83e8fe2ae590c1e355cb460404c4c2ea16183a0f2a036640d93","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e69e72eea75826ce09ea22acc363fa67309be6298da7af7bf83b1f47134a85cc","cross_cats_sorted":["econ.TH","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-09-10T15:33:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"bedf798744ee02c68f58a5fc9169bc9e0f95df56a71b44e28abac8263dce4b05"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.03400","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"03245441ee0d7d5ee9a6a3b5806b69b7577efadd0fb3c429bdeedc1e3f962d3e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"03245441ee0d7d5ee9a6a3b5806b69b7577efadd0fb3c429bdeedc1e3f962d3e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49.892527Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49.892527Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"SsDCsLc2+I0J4nXxSvkQostVIuh4661WmLGUdEe6S3awrhxIf70UF48UODFxd2kkNTfHbsb+N31qjko5J5ltDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:49.892979Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1809.03400","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2cf5e0202f54f83e8fe2ae590c1e355cb460404c4c2ea16183a0f2a036640d93","sha256:dac3fcbd3ce8a0829e7606e391629b4ca9407643fc79d2795d58bf70be9a9043"],"state_sha256":"1264d599928288859e96b3344b1e5ac9f3946b6a2026f678925e956a67c714fc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vskaEzhi76+ghntEM2Hr6OCdNRGvnmtiJu83lvudUc+hZmfTPVHpUFMp19ivqUFR+XNX1JQkYHubtDF49rnnCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:40:59.370996Z","bundle_sha256":"02580127c0cbb12e67d3d1ae684ca0b69d3c83fb805730b7bdf45a9ecd53f7ba"}}