{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ","short_pith_number":"pith:AOFQPJGN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.10446","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-10-24T15:20:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"81fea8e4eb995020129ade855631e9bb312a6284ec4ea6da9b4df5de5f1b2cad","abstract_canon_sha256":"d41458e4f7790b2be85fc3531c69117c503f346b357b1ea2598445e81dbda74c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"038b07a4cd251c0b2647ea8c141446c67f617ec106a0b0eb59c6ba4f75188b0a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1810.10446","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.10446","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.10446v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.10446","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AOFQPJGNEUOA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AOFQPJGN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.10446","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-10-24T15:20:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"81fea8e4eb995020129ade855631e9bb312a6284ec4ea6da9b4df5de5f1b2cad","abstract_canon_sha256":"d41458e4f7790b2be85fc3531c69117c503f346b357b1ea2598445e81dbda74c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"038b07a4cd251c0b2647ea8c141446c67f617ec106a0b0eb59c6ba4f75188b0a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23.075343Z","signature_b64":"kpVgVgIFAomSuamq1Df4GPZ9XH05z36t027clynNHWCuWdFUjb4zezTABCdy7BpvIbK4p5Zc7zk01oaAe3A0BA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"038b07a4cd251c0b2647ea8c141446c67f617ec106a0b0eb59c6ba4f75188b0a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23.074651Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23.074651Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1810.10446","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"k430mSRvcPBFpSJmzGEZQZPA0akPn5KNVGAUVopFoUdirk1eLKJFf6zwnE1RqbKPSs0Rp8KcSHN3X3SsyWUxBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T04:02:19.328996Z"},"content_sha256":"b8cd8cf0bf9b09874e2e468ac8006c5b4ab1cea25e3996fda37d156e6c16b954","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b8cd8cf0bf9b09874e2e468ac8006c5b4ab1cea25e3996fda37d156e6c16b954"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Role of Data in Model Building and Prediction: A Survey Through Examples","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Andrea Puglisi, Angelo Vulpiani, Fabio Cecconi, Marco Baldovin, Massimo Cencini","submitted_at":"2018-10-24T15:20:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"The goal of Science is to understand phenomena and systems in order to predict their development and gain control over them. In the scientific process of knowledge elaboration, a crucial role is played by models which, in the language of quantitative sciences, mean abstract mathematical or algorithmical representations. This short review discusses a few key examples from Physics, taken from dynamical systems theory, biophysics, and statistical mechanics, representing three paradigmatic procedures to build models and predictions from available data. In the case of dynamical systems we show how "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.10446","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xE+NdrHuyNHPxq1bLtJx7Int0ZaJOiUvHQnpM/fC6lLN+ZpwFkY6o5VuH4SX4/HV0REMqf60ZL35ddV8sX8SBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T04:02:19.329359Z"},"content_sha256":"aae5998c5dee3a4d4fae92edb4b2a059ec33e72810b4679e5ace40d233690470","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aae5998c5dee3a4d4fae92edb4b2a059ec33e72810b4679e5ace40d233690470"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T04:02:19Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH5KGBIFCGYZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d41458e4f7790b2be85fc3531c69117c503f346b357b1ea2598445e81dbda74c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-10-24T15:20:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"81fea8e4eb995020129ade855631e9bb312a6284ec4ea6da9b4df5de5f1b2cad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.10446","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.10446","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.10446v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.10446","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AOFQPJGNEUOA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AOFQPJGNEUOAWJSH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AOFQPJGN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:13Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:aae5998c5dee3a4d4fae92edb4b2a059ec33e72810b4679e5ace40d233690470","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The goal of Science is to understand phenomena and systems in order to predict their development and gain control over them. In the scientific process of knowledge elaboration, a crucial role is played by models which, in the language of quantitative sciences, mean abstract mathematical or algorithmical representations. This short review discusses a few key examples from Physics, taken from dynamical systems theory, biophysics, and statistical mechanics, representing three paradigmatic procedures to build models and predictions from available data. In the case of dynamical systems we show how ","authors_text":"Andrea Puglisi, Angelo Vulpiani, Fabio Cecconi, Marco Baldovin, Massimo Cencini","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-10-24T15:20:51Z","title":"The Role of Data in Model Building and Prediction: A Survey Through Examples"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.10446","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b8cd8cf0bf9b09874e2e468ac8006c5b4ab1cea25e3996fda37d156e6c16b954","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d41458e4f7790b2be85fc3531c69117c503f346b357b1ea2598445e81dbda74c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2018-10-24T15:20:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"81fea8e4eb995020129ade855631e9bb312a6284ec4ea6da9b4df5de5f1b2cad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.10446","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"038b07a4cd251c0b2647ea8c141446c67f617ec106a0b0eb59c6ba4f75188b0a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"038b07a4cd251c0b2647ea8c141446c67f617ec106a0b0eb59c6ba4f75188b0a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23.074651Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23.074651Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"kpVgVgIFAomSuamq1Df4GPZ9XH05z36t027clynNHWCuWdFUjb4zezTABCdy7BpvIbK4p5Zc7zk01oaAe3A0BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:23.075343Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1810.10446","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b8cd8cf0bf9b09874e2e468ac8006c5b4ab1cea25e3996fda37d156e6c16b954","sha256:aae5998c5dee3a4d4fae92edb4b2a059ec33e72810b4679e5ace40d233690470"],"state_sha256":"604c5a914b245e5eed53cbd8dcf3039bb8a1798c94eb8519d956250b0e775a43"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nb5yh/JyAEMYzEzXwx8qKbhBdsevaZ6ydFfr1Dzi7CeAQZ/V3PZGGB8L46BKn0b301lkFE+XmO4mKE6ELatwBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T04:02:19.331293Z","bundle_sha256":"ad57cd548d1740c010536777ec591f6d059c5fb82f0077cb8774e16297c785b6"}}