{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D","short_pith_number":"pith:APM4NTXQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1412.3040","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2014-12-09T18:08:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"808ccf45b60f917919dfb5f90d10f587adffae11599dc092fd76a2c195152fad","abstract_canon_sha256":"74765c0c630876040bfe2e500999f9006dadc0212f6f15c4d2f1347694c6e39d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"03d9c6cef0b2a34760777b70784ebed0db38a5cf536c29b8c0736accd68ad043","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1412.3040","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1412.3040","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1412.3040v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1412.3040","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"APM4NTXQWKRU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"APM4NTXQWKRUOYDX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"APM4NTXQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1412.3040","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2014-12-09T18:08:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"808ccf45b60f917919dfb5f90d10f587adffae11599dc092fd76a2c195152fad","abstract_canon_sha256":"74765c0c630876040bfe2e500999f9006dadc0212f6f15c4d2f1347694c6e39d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"03d9c6cef0b2a34760777b70784ebed0db38a5cf536c29b8c0736accd68ad043","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45.119153Z","signature_b64":"HrPYmwQP+boFdxebL4xeOZMsevHvCtHany4F31gSknRY6tyuPIJ/GxGIZclZrySCX1HZ3O31b7YFSQDPu+ZZAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"03d9c6cef0b2a34760777b70784ebed0db38a5cf536c29b8c0736accd68ad043","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45.118664Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45.118664Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1412.3040","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9YXeKRxzkkS8L0d9oJqqEbGKowtpVVWhqYVtgUW9KYGYegDM+FZ+zXryCaSdip+QC4BQ6op64gKKUbHO9P8JAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T00:33:54.147654Z"},"content_sha256":"3ab3885f23333202cb79c5454e8da1fdc3092ee1c65911ffc04624ba2a1c40b9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3ab3885f23333202cb79c5454e8da1fdc3092ee1c65911ffc04624ba2a1c40b9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Rapid Sampling for Visualizations with Ordering Guarantees","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.DB","authors_text":"Aditya Parameswaran, Albert Kim, Eric Blais, Piotr Indyk, Ronitt Rubinfeld, Sam Madden","submitted_at":"2014-12-09T18:08:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"Visualizations are frequently used as a means to understand trends and gather insights from datasets, but often take a long time to generate. In this paper, we focus on the problem of rapidly generating approximate visualizations while preserving crucial visual proper- ties of interest to analysts. Our primary focus will be on sampling algorithms that preserve the visual property of ordering; our techniques will also apply to some other visual properties. For instance, our algorithms can be used to generate an approximate visualization of a bar chart very rapidly, where the comparisons between"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1412.3040","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/m83H3TzMtnWwy9DLQKo2S7I4zKLq4N+ie9n6aSk9pLTJ03uoJc1S569+P09U47N3x3T0wpjxP0jag9tGUFfBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T00:33:54.148022Z"},"content_sha256":"cff54d227423f8fc09067e23f94351d1e8cbfe4b5f3ba5ffd8fc36f2f742b33d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cff54d227423f8fc09067e23f94351d1e8cbfe4b5f3ba5ffd8fc36f2f742b33d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-04T00:33:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:APM4NTXQWKRUOYDXPNYHQTV62D","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"74765c0c630876040bfe2e500999f9006dadc0212f6f15c4d2f1347694c6e39d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2014-12-09T18:08:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"808ccf45b60f917919dfb5f90d10f587adffae11599dc092fd76a2c195152fad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1412.3040","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1412.3040","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1412.3040v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1412.3040","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"APM4NTXQWKRU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"APM4NTXQWKRUOYDX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"APM4NTXQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cff54d227423f8fc09067e23f94351d1e8cbfe4b5f3ba5ffd8fc36f2f742b33d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Visualizations are frequently used as a means to understand trends and gather insights from datasets, but often take a long time to generate. In this paper, we focus on the problem of rapidly generating approximate visualizations while preserving crucial visual proper- ties of interest to analysts. Our primary focus will be on sampling algorithms that preserve the visual property of ordering; our techniques will also apply to some other visual properties. For instance, our algorithms can be used to generate an approximate visualization of a bar chart very rapidly, where the comparisons between","authors_text":"Aditya Parameswaran, Albert Kim, Eric Blais, Piotr Indyk, Ronitt Rubinfeld, Sam Madden","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2014-12-09T18:08:26Z","title":"Rapid Sampling for Visualizations with Ordering Guarantees"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1412.3040","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3ab3885f23333202cb79c5454e8da1fdc3092ee1c65911ffc04624ba2a1c40b9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"74765c0c630876040bfe2e500999f9006dadc0212f6f15c4d2f1347694c6e39d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2014-12-09T18:08:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"808ccf45b60f917919dfb5f90d10f587adffae11599dc092fd76a2c195152fad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1412.3040","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"03d9c6cef0b2a34760777b70784ebed0db38a5cf536c29b8c0736accd68ad043","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"03d9c6cef0b2a34760777b70784ebed0db38a5cf536c29b8c0736accd68ad043","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45.118664Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45.118664Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HrPYmwQP+boFdxebL4xeOZMsevHvCtHany4F31gSknRY6tyuPIJ/GxGIZclZrySCX1HZ3O31b7YFSQDPu+ZZAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:31:45.119153Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1412.3040","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3ab3885f23333202cb79c5454e8da1fdc3092ee1c65911ffc04624ba2a1c40b9","sha256:cff54d227423f8fc09067e23f94351d1e8cbfe4b5f3ba5ffd8fc36f2f742b33d"],"state_sha256":"0c718e080997ace569cd75f767de521af9b97f50c2e9f020aed13fd3ee336fd7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d8Jw8SmyJBhwViakAKZFAkarvftm3PWIHG+km410e05jeqOF5ANQvunVGQOW4dZphOYmAi2E15g9J/vkWy11CQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T00:33:54.150295Z","bundle_sha256":"549bbe319dfeb1183106692965f334f89ed606db5502a1b6c6e2d4d4f9f7d857"}}