{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO","short_pith_number":"pith:ASXMQIAL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2301.01609","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2023-01-04T13:23:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"2a5037465de32544a8c7410a6b2fd38c83d149c9003c47a18132b1c936830afa","abstract_canon_sha256":"8989d62be29e77719fe820edc946049ff0a3f5ea9dd650f66841cb095e477443"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"04aec8200bb45142f25772b297b2fc13a94e112fdfea2348ed7e5b2b6c0f715b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2301.01609","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2301.01609","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2301.01609v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2301.01609","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ASXMQIALWRIU","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ASXMQIALWRIUF4SX","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ASXMQIAL","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2301.01609","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2023-01-04T13:23:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"2a5037465de32544a8c7410a6b2fd38c83d149c9003c47a18132b1c936830afa","abstract_canon_sha256":"8989d62be29e77719fe820edc946049ff0a3f5ea9dd650f66841cb095e477443"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"04aec8200bb45142f25772b297b2fc13a94e112fdfea2348ed7e5b2b6c0f715b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45.455024Z","signature_b64":"eB01NVsMBehIXAwgvt07cKM1wC2reNrVN2UK0l3PKtSzcYIdiC6p41YiG8d+PA2G2kMNZBDvsP2hlXDPrY3bAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"04aec8200bb45142f25772b297b2fc13a94e112fdfea2348ed7e5b2b6c0f715b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45.454611Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45.454611Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2301.01609","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/UaI6bgFP2LVxRzMwupdG1kUXL5I94puX8VPOJQyp5brAWZbmtk9Maj/XdZcRIc5szY71kFhByDTOo7C68Q4Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T03:46:32.608820Z"},"content_sha256":"7189c799060650d11d24e346edb453ce9fb8d849d55576289c20ff76023a50d6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7189c799060650d11d24e346edb453ce9fb8d849d55576289c20ff76023a50d6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Emergent collective intelligence from massive-agent cooperation and competition","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.MA"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Chenghui Yu, HanMo Chen, Jiaxin Chen, Sikai Cheng, Stone Tao, Weihan Shen, Xiaolong Zhu, Xihui Li, Xiu Li","submitted_at":"2023-01-04T13:23:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"Inspired by organisms evolving through cooperation and competition between different populations on Earth, we study the emergence of artificial collective intelligence through massive-agent reinforcement learning. To this end, We propose a new massive-agent reinforcement learning environment, Lux, where dynamic and massive agents in two teams scramble for limited resources and fight off the darkness. In Lux, we build our agents through the standard reinforcement learning algorithm in curriculum learning phases and leverage centralized control via a pixel-to-pixel policy network. As agents co-e"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2301.01609","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2301.01609/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OfGvol3g/BewDBYxl9pC0MdeSpeef4/G251PTKU7tnc3Bo9Uvh+dONh2I60d3OhfRHWuTK4QQdPZhz4ufA2sAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T03:46:32.609182Z"},"content_sha256":"03ea3b4ecb8c6aad4fe48fdabced44950ec457cea78484f574eb31bcf0fbac5d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:03ea3b4ecb8c6aad4fe48fdabced44950ec457cea78484f574eb31bcf0fbac5d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T03:46:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:ASXMQIALWRIUF4SXOKZJPMX4CO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8989d62be29e77719fe820edc946049ff0a3f5ea9dd650f66841cb095e477443","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2023-01-04T13:23:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"2a5037465de32544a8c7410a6b2fd38c83d149c9003c47a18132b1c936830afa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2301.01609","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2301.01609","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2301.01609v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2301.01609","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ASXMQIALWRIU","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ASXMQIALWRIUF4SX","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ASXMQIAL","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:03ea3b4ecb8c6aad4fe48fdabced44950ec457cea78484f574eb31bcf0fbac5d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2301.01609/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Inspired by organisms evolving through cooperation and competition between different populations on Earth, we study the emergence of artificial collective intelligence through massive-agent reinforcement learning. To this end, We propose a new massive-agent reinforcement learning environment, Lux, where dynamic and massive agents in two teams scramble for limited resources and fight off the darkness. In Lux, we build our agents through the standard reinforcement learning algorithm in curriculum learning phases and leverage centralized control via a pixel-to-pixel policy network. As agents co-e","authors_text":"Chenghui Yu, HanMo Chen, Jiaxin Chen, Sikai Cheng, Stone Tao, Weihan Shen, Xiaolong Zhu, Xihui Li, Xiu Li","cross_cats":["cs.MA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2023-01-04T13:23:12Z","title":"Emergent collective intelligence from massive-agent cooperation and competition"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2301.01609","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7189c799060650d11d24e346edb453ce9fb8d849d55576289c20ff76023a50d6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8989d62be29e77719fe820edc946049ff0a3f5ea9dd650f66841cb095e477443","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2023-01-04T13:23:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"2a5037465de32544a8c7410a6b2fd38c83d149c9003c47a18132b1c936830afa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2301.01609","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"04aec8200bb45142f25772b297b2fc13a94e112fdfea2348ed7e5b2b6c0f715b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"04aec8200bb45142f25772b297b2fc13a94e112fdfea2348ed7e5b2b6c0f715b","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45.454611Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45.454611Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"eB01NVsMBehIXAwgvt07cKM1wC2reNrVN2UK0l3PKtSzcYIdiC6p41YiG8d+PA2G2kMNZBDvsP2hlXDPrY3bAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:30:45.455024Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2301.01609","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7189c799060650d11d24e346edb453ce9fb8d849d55576289c20ff76023a50d6","sha256:03ea3b4ecb8c6aad4fe48fdabced44950ec457cea78484f574eb31bcf0fbac5d"],"state_sha256":"eb64b3b57582a99c79f92e46cfde285dda1157a23955100bc112dfaacedda695"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bSk2k8zMNL7NHtrxZuQCNSkGEKGmc4cdeS3+/pzDqmSVsLjBgAY+9CSKuCaB0sgqukrWixIfubUyyiqhiIEoAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T03:46:32.611036Z","bundle_sha256":"0be96ad04cae74dcd195640cf5387fa65022f036c1131759d3059f42b5628c23"}}