{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2003:AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D","short_pith_number":"pith:AUA2TW4Y","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"0501a9db980cefa0eb09f86d66374ce0cf78ed17a9a64799d8ab0b1bc6655b91","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0304549","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Two body relaxation in CDM simulations","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Ben Moore, Joachim Stadel, Juerg Diemand, Stelios Kazantzidis (University of Zurich)","submitted_at":"2003-04-30T12:56:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"N-body simulations of the hierarchical formation of cosmic structures suffer from the problem that the first objects to form always contain just a few particles. Although relaxation is not an issue for virialised objects containing millions of particles, collisional processes will always dominate within the first structures that collapse. First we quantify how the relaxation varies with resolution, softening, and radius within isolated equilibrium and non-equilibrium cuspy haloes. We then attempt to determine how this numerical effect propagates through a merging hierarchy by measuring the loc"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0304549","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2003-04-30T12:56:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fa1079d40f6cf215a531a9ce420ff24b0cca2a5cf60451bce2456acf053874d6","abstract_canon_sha256":"bb994d511ea26a6bbbb11eba0a5949ea1f80487ab04049695e2d3f6d8b62ffb8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.089249Z","signature_b64":"Ttz0maRd2xdZ9n+7G3a2j9J4y5EWlmBJBhOW/lqnwOCDF7sSmcDWaPUtdX8D21zhs6quPcTiapJXvIAnRqg1Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0501a9db980cefa0eb09f86d66374ce0cf78ed17a9a64799d8ab0b1bc6655b91","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088889Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088889Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Two body relaxation in CDM simulations","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Ben Moore, Joachim Stadel, Juerg Diemand, Stelios Kazantzidis (University of Zurich)","submitted_at":"2003-04-30T12:56:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"N-body simulations of the hierarchical formation of cosmic structures suffer from the problem that the first objects to form always contain just a few particles. Although relaxation is not an issue for virialised objects containing millions of particles, collisional processes will always dominate within the first structures that collapse. First we quantify how the relaxation varies with resolution, softening, and radius within isolated equilibrium and non-equilibrium cuspy haloes. We then attempt to determine how this numerical effect propagates through a merging hierarchy by measuring the loc"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0304549","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0304549/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0304549","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088951+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0304549v3","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088951+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0304549","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088951+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AUA2TW4YBTX2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088951+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088951+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AUA2TW4Y","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088951+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D","json":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/AUA2TW4Y"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/AUA2TW4Y","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=astro-ph/0304549&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/AUA2TW4YBTX2B2YJ7BWWMN2M4D/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088951+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:57.088951+00:00"}