{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR","short_pith_number":"pith:AUQLC6GF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.06048","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2021-02-11T14:34:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"decdc6e5a84eb67a89c70400cc7a448ecd6ff9ea25c5a70cd8cfa46af04a6fc7","abstract_canon_sha256":"6af5ed2771a331b56aae1f36ca6714e6f2761f2fa1b1d537ea3f28de8f2c5dab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0520b178c57ae8821b082dfaf180abb44841332afad6481e6bb883d0b8eb8cf2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2102.06048","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.06048","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.06048v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.06048","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AUQLC6GFPLUI","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYI","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AUQLC6GF","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.06048","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2021-02-11T14:34:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"decdc6e5a84eb67a89c70400cc7a448ecd6ff9ea25c5a70cd8cfa46af04a6fc7","abstract_canon_sha256":"6af5ed2771a331b56aae1f36ca6714e6f2761f2fa1b1d537ea3f28de8f2c5dab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0520b178c57ae8821b082dfaf180abb44841332afad6481e6bb883d0b8eb8cf2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04.681158Z","signature_b64":"Zo6ZhawrY/1kl2qmuGHORHDUEy23Bv2W0nit1gk+2HbtbkBnpcDW1ZQNAI+cLl0eRLS++Spjg0ht5CpnTvQ8DQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0520b178c57ae8821b082dfaf180abb44841332afad6481e6bb883d0b8eb8cf2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04.680688Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04.680688Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2102.06048","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xPIlQPNverK/xRX7m/izvhj4QJAMPhdkAJ22+3vMmT1OFo5myfrIl6faqxsaNd6Er8a8soLIvnqx20pewqHZCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T09:54:34.261373Z"},"content_sha256":"323828e6e08c72431d55e112376aeecccd1d0832ae505c8b496c04eddae3cc82","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:323828e6e08c72431d55e112376aeecccd1d0832ae505c8b496c04eddae3cc82"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Causal mediation analysis: From simple to more robust strategies for estimation of marginal natural (in)direct effects","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Elizabeth A. Stuart, Elizabeth B. Sarker, Elizabeth L. Ogburn, Ian Schmid, Ina M. Koning, Noah Greifer, Trang Quynh Nguyen","submitted_at":"2021-02-11T14:34:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper aims to provide practitioners of causal mediation analysis with a better understanding of estimation options. We take as inputs two familiar strategies (weighting and model-based prediction) and a simple way of combining them (weighted models), and show how a range of estimators can be generated, with different modeling requirements and robustness properties. The primary goal is to help build intuitive appreciation for robust estimation that is conducive to sound practice. A second goal is to provide a \"menu\" of estimators that practitioners can choose from for the estimation of mar"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.06048","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2102.06048/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2nlsL35nhEViV09acnJXDnl9ChHsYUerlobBXiX/dirmBGxqczpqoEOiljglGSRgvh5SIN8EZ7jZxhahTy8BAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T09:54:34.261746Z"},"content_sha256":"960dde8a991f5e5ac24fe3a0c0b9416a7967079f4f079cae637be63781d503d9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:960dde8a991f5e5ac24fe3a0c0b9416a7967079f4f079cae637be63781d503d9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T09:54:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYIFX5PDAFLWR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6af5ed2771a331b56aae1f36ca6714e6f2761f2fa1b1d537ea3f28de8f2c5dab","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2021-02-11T14:34:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"decdc6e5a84eb67a89c70400cc7a448ecd6ff9ea25c5a70cd8cfa46af04a6fc7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2102.06048","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.06048","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.06048v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.06048","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AUQLC6GFPLUI","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AUQLC6GFPLUIEGYI","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AUQLC6GF","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:960dde8a991f5e5ac24fe3a0c0b9416a7967079f4f079cae637be63781d503d9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2102.06048/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper aims to provide practitioners of causal mediation analysis with a better understanding of estimation options. We take as inputs two familiar strategies (weighting and model-based prediction) and a simple way of combining them (weighted models), and show how a range of estimators can be generated, with different modeling requirements and robustness properties. The primary goal is to help build intuitive appreciation for robust estimation that is conducive to sound practice. A second goal is to provide a \"menu\" of estimators that practitioners can choose from for the estimation of mar","authors_text":"Elizabeth A. Stuart, Elizabeth B. Sarker, Elizabeth L. Ogburn, Ian Schmid, Ina M. Koning, Noah Greifer, Trang Quynh Nguyen","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2021-02-11T14:34:47Z","title":"Causal mediation analysis: From simple to more robust strategies for estimation of marginal natural (in)direct effects"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.06048","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:323828e6e08c72431d55e112376aeecccd1d0832ae505c8b496c04eddae3cc82","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6af5ed2771a331b56aae1f36ca6714e6f2761f2fa1b1d537ea3f28de8f2c5dab","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2021-02-11T14:34:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"decdc6e5a84eb67a89c70400cc7a448ecd6ff9ea25c5a70cd8cfa46af04a6fc7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2102.06048","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"0520b178c57ae8821b082dfaf180abb44841332afad6481e6bb883d0b8eb8cf2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0520b178c57ae8821b082dfaf180abb44841332afad6481e6bb883d0b8eb8cf2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04.680688Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04.680688Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Zo6ZhawrY/1kl2qmuGHORHDUEy23Bv2W0nit1gk+2HbtbkBnpcDW1ZQNAI+cLl0eRLS++Spjg0ht5CpnTvQ8DQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:33:04.681158Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2102.06048","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:323828e6e08c72431d55e112376aeecccd1d0832ae505c8b496c04eddae3cc82","sha256:960dde8a991f5e5ac24fe3a0c0b9416a7967079f4f079cae637be63781d503d9"],"state_sha256":"b2023fad6a373e6cc2d58c5444d819a834819158a9fdffc17dad83c21d47437f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oDSJYoYodaZ9Tk/E4Bz+HYNgdBrOiWgVLRHnGf6Is9yo3B3VSMTrcnXJeaVet0WBW5kkZU92Ly7rFYRKoCBTAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T09:54:34.264959Z","bundle_sha256":"3e9966f277cd31a30213bad8ce44a188571eee79e9057869c5699dba5107c9ac"}}