{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA","short_pith_number":"pith:AUUKE5HG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1311.2253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-10T09:39:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d5b01f16c66926461530ffb2edb373e4680c85e8b9be01faee789206a3946efe","abstract_canon_sha256":"ecd05bc2eb6ba445f7d4ce9e198408e02f225ba397e199d9c5efc34533119ec2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0528a274e6ff91eebaf4de93beba09583e4ffc41483189498bcd576a657c2190","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1311.2253","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1311.2253","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1311.2253v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1311.2253","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AUUKE5HG76I6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AUUKE5HG76I65OXU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AUUKE5HG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1311.2253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-10T09:39:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d5b01f16c66926461530ffb2edb373e4680c85e8b9be01faee789206a3946efe","abstract_canon_sha256":"ecd05bc2eb6ba445f7d4ce9e198408e02f225ba397e199d9c5efc34533119ec2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0528a274e6ff91eebaf4de93beba09583e4ffc41483189498bcd576a657c2190","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32.581082Z","signature_b64":"XEE3pFuXd7IeAqswUeFmrC18jZJUIUTOukgsYVziVW0axPukYKLIC93SXX3t5SyWH0LsaGJP/qI+2fOk87x/CQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0528a274e6ff91eebaf4de93beba09583e4ffc41483189498bcd576a657c2190","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32.580646Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32.580646Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1311.2253","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EfOViOs17vY09nsx23pWFMLRyD+2Z+gxDezAs6kWlTi0icvUssm/s5NoaiwuGYelakxfDU4VfrkWgRfZiCPqDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T04:33:10.801363Z"},"content_sha256":"3e86fcb72e3b7afac1f630c0b0e31bafe2757c51fbfde70e30ae449ceac98515","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3e86fcb72e3b7afac1f630c0b0e31bafe2757c51fbfde70e30ae449ceac98515"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Simulations of the Local Universe Constrained by Observational Peculiar Velocities","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Helene M. Courtois, Jenny G. Sorce, R. Brent Tully, Stefan Gottloeber, Yehuda Hoffman","submitted_at":"2013-11-10T09:39:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"Peculiar velocities, obtained from direct distance measurements, are data of choice to achieve constrained simulations of the Local Universe reliable down to a scale of a few Megaparsecs. Unlike redshift surveys, peculiar velocities are direct tracers of the underlying gravitational field as they trace both baryonic and dark matter. This paper presents the first attempt to use solely observational peculiar velocities to constrain cosmological simulations of the nearby universe. In order to set up Initial Conditions, a Reverse Zel'dovich Approximation (RZA) is used to displace constraints from "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1311.2253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AHJv2Cdh9uxKLnsKlpW/tuXhFDiPBCD3kYQX79s4BDVXmTTZ5a712z36a92xOIx8WfYHZd+ZfcKkBsGfLDRkAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T04:33:10.802014Z"},"content_sha256":"0fef83c8293ff71af90981d712bf146ffc8c6014d20c653f901d3af3e6c7c303","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0fef83c8293ff71af90981d712bf146ffc8c6014d20c653f901d3af3e6c7c303"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T04:33:10Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:AUUKE5HG76I65OXU32J35OQJLA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ecd05bc2eb6ba445f7d4ce9e198408e02f225ba397e199d9c5efc34533119ec2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-10T09:39:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"d5b01f16c66926461530ffb2edb373e4680c85e8b9be01faee789206a3946efe"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1311.2253","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1311.2253","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1311.2253v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1311.2253","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AUUKE5HG76I6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AUUKE5HG76I65OXU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AUUKE5HG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0fef83c8293ff71af90981d712bf146ffc8c6014d20c653f901d3af3e6c7c303","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Peculiar velocities, obtained from direct distance measurements, are data of choice to achieve constrained simulations of the Local Universe reliable down to a scale of a few Megaparsecs. Unlike redshift surveys, peculiar velocities are direct tracers of the underlying gravitational field as they trace both baryonic and dark matter. This paper presents the first attempt to use solely observational peculiar velocities to constrain cosmological simulations of the nearby universe. In order to set up Initial Conditions, a Reverse Zel'dovich Approximation (RZA) is used to displace constraints from ","authors_text":"Helene M. Courtois, Jenny G. Sorce, R. Brent Tully, Stefan Gottloeber, Yehuda Hoffman","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-10T09:39:28Z","title":"Simulations of the Local Universe Constrained by Observational Peculiar Velocities"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1311.2253","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3e86fcb72e3b7afac1f630c0b0e31bafe2757c51fbfde70e30ae449ceac98515","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ecd05bc2eb6ba445f7d4ce9e198408e02f225ba397e199d9c5efc34533119ec2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-10T09:39:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"d5b01f16c66926461530ffb2edb373e4680c85e8b9be01faee789206a3946efe"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1311.2253","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0528a274e6ff91eebaf4de93beba09583e4ffc41483189498bcd576a657c2190","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0528a274e6ff91eebaf4de93beba09583e4ffc41483189498bcd576a657c2190","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32.580646Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32.580646Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"XEE3pFuXd7IeAqswUeFmrC18jZJUIUTOukgsYVziVW0axPukYKLIC93SXX3t5SyWH0LsaGJP/qI+2fOk87x/CQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:32.581082Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1311.2253","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3e86fcb72e3b7afac1f630c0b0e31bafe2757c51fbfde70e30ae449ceac98515","sha256:0fef83c8293ff71af90981d712bf146ffc8c6014d20c653f901d3af3e6c7c303"],"state_sha256":"b06f53ae2ada8f809ce1b9ebb0aed874964c978b624ca69ac7062f0efb25c063"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0+0CVr0U/SrgVR2VmrUeOUP3wSFZNun1xaD+IePXYex8QabwFWU2jw+rI5TuB9eP+XvuL5aJorjoRPDAOCiSDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T04:33:10.805135Z","bundle_sha256":"409a66f00d6ac346f73db8b02e83e1780efb61a167d3075d355196e1b3e7ab9d"}}