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We identify Z_b and Z_c as tetraquark mesons that are analogs of quarkonium hybrids with the gluon field replaced by an isospin-1 excitation of the light-quark fields. Given the identification of Y(4260) and Z_c(3900) as a ground-state charmonium hybrid and tetraquark, respectively, lattice QCD calculations of the charmonium spectrum can be used to estima"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1305.6905","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2013-05-29T18:55:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"55fe7005eeec0ccfab2138c1e682328c231d8dda6a544df91c9565cd2c955cd5","abstract_canon_sha256":"a66f9583faaaf863b780fd9b132702e6b198612b9dbf470bba6a363bc747cfde"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:49:40.085911Z","signature_b64":"jHxMhYPA0AwWWvlJmikn5YvxYEBrpCDuaeeZ96gZmWvQWfzkfUa+LMTFMn99fayQhYJNZgJziXdepde2HT6jAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"06621b41251352973d0c11188b169781fa235e799d47e777a353a0559ef18d70","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:49:40.085410Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:49:40.085410Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How the Z_c(3900) Reveals the Spectra of Quarkonium Hybrid and Tetraquark Mesons","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Eric Braaten","submitted_at":"2013-05-29T18:55:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"Flavor-exotic tetraquark mesons have recently been observed in the heavy-quark pair sectors of QCD, including two isospin multiplets in the b b-bar sector, Z_b(10610) and Z_b(10650), and one isospin multiplet in the c c-bar sector, Z_c(3900). We identify Z_b and Z_c as tetraquark mesons that are analogs of quarkonium hybrids with the gluon field replaced by an isospin-1 excitation of the light-quark fields. Given the identification of Y(4260) and Z_c(3900) as a ground-state charmonium hybrid and tetraquark, respectively, lattice QCD calculations of the charmonium spectrum can be used to estima"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1305.6905","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1305.6905","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:49:40.085515+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1305.6905v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:49:40.085515+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1305.6905","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:49:40.085515+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"AZRBWQJFCNJJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38.830355+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38.830355+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"AZRBWQJF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:38.830355+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":2,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.25607","citing_title":"Determination of the $Z_c(3900)$ and the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ states from joint analysis of experimental and lattice data","ref_index":26,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.11646","citing_title":"All-charm tetraquarks at hadron colliders: A high-precision fragmentation perspective","ref_index":28,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH","json":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/AZRBWQJF"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/AZRBWQJF","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1305.6905&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/AZRBWQJFCNJJOPIMCEMIWFUXQH/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:49:40.085515+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:49:40.085515+00:00"}