{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH","short_pith_number":"pith:B4WMYB74","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1411.1204","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-11-05T09:49:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"99e37bddcf2e3a03b9e69ea6b71782629a0c0a678e14d9b8ef379168dc2c4672","abstract_canon_sha256":"7f02295c6cbdb36da204db29d8112c9daed07a73f0a316914b6b5fb744dff69f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0f2ccc07fcaed880764d36192c627189f0b4edad4e219830fa83088239de59ad","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1411.1204","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1411.1204","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1411.1204v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1411.1204","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"B4WMYB74V3MI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"B4WMYB74V3MIA5SN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"B4WMYB74","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1411.1204","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-11-05T09:49:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"99e37bddcf2e3a03b9e69ea6b71782629a0c0a678e14d9b8ef379168dc2c4672","abstract_canon_sha256":"7f02295c6cbdb36da204db29d8112c9daed07a73f0a316914b6b5fb744dff69f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0f2ccc07fcaed880764d36192c627189f0b4edad4e219830fa83088239de59ad","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55.806622Z","signature_b64":"pWWrxlhpgbFVfhylQNcnfI6GQuxnxoHmXIr8i1auRT/enqalyAUU4T98KUQWUHrsBToeI3fZbZcHK/43vd0XDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0f2ccc07fcaed880764d36192c627189f0b4edad4e219830fa83088239de59ad","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55.806245Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55.806245Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1411.1204","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UHSBsUk6F9vbIZGdCRo0kgxLCffMxf14sO/+bwjtODC8hWHMpv6W2Bmgd0jApNUiH5QntgokR0s9l9rJGtt9AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-22T17:37:47.790275Z"},"content_sha256":"64202cbb7b70f93abca815965f22bde9723319874eb3bbacd5d9a7746044e96c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:64202cbb7b70f93abca815965f22bde9723319874eb3bbacd5d9a7746044e96c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Pulse collision picture of inter-channel nonlinear interference noise in fiber-optic communications","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Antonio Mecozzi, Mark Shtaif, Meir Feder, Ronen Dar","submitted_at":"2014-11-05T09:49:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"We model the build-up of inter-channel nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) in wavelength division multiplexed systems by considering the pulse collision dynamics in the time domain. The fundamental interactions can be classified as two-pulse, three-pulse, or four-pulse collisions and they can be either complete, or incomplete. Each type of collision is shown to have its unique signature and the overall nature of NLIN is determined by the relative importance of the various classes of pulse collisions in a given WDM system. The pulse-collision picture provides qualitative and quantitative insigh"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1411.1204","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VZ8PBHBUtZvM1OB2HXqISX7y8TaPVBo2jkJFFeykdwaGAR6HJAhqfKowtsCMylTMM1Yj3fvtEwKiXyhObXh4DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-22T17:37:47.790651Z"},"content_sha256":"da5e7d45d994c1c813382ac689eab7d0666128b5149e4791964c4d75a0e44729","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:da5e7d45d994c1c813382ac689eab7d0666128b5149e4791964c4d75a0e44729"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-22T17:37:47Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:B4WMYB74V3MIA5SNGYMSYYTRRH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7f02295c6cbdb36da204db29d8112c9daed07a73f0a316914b6b5fb744dff69f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-11-05T09:49:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"99e37bddcf2e3a03b9e69ea6b71782629a0c0a678e14d9b8ef379168dc2c4672"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1411.1204","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1411.1204","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1411.1204v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1411.1204","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"B4WMYB74V3MI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"B4WMYB74V3MIA5SN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"B4WMYB74","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:da5e7d45d994c1c813382ac689eab7d0666128b5149e4791964c4d75a0e44729","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We model the build-up of inter-channel nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) in wavelength division multiplexed systems by considering the pulse collision dynamics in the time domain. The fundamental interactions can be classified as two-pulse, three-pulse, or four-pulse collisions and they can be either complete, or incomplete. Each type of collision is shown to have its unique signature and the overall nature of NLIN is determined by the relative importance of the various classes of pulse collisions in a given WDM system. The pulse-collision picture provides qualitative and quantitative insigh","authors_text":"Antonio Mecozzi, Mark Shtaif, Meir Feder, Ronen Dar","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-11-05T09:49:43Z","title":"Pulse collision picture of inter-channel nonlinear interference noise in fiber-optic communications"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1411.1204","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:64202cbb7b70f93abca815965f22bde9723319874eb3bbacd5d9a7746044e96c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7f02295c6cbdb36da204db29d8112c9daed07a73f0a316914b6b5fb744dff69f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-11-05T09:49:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"99e37bddcf2e3a03b9e69ea6b71782629a0c0a678e14d9b8ef379168dc2c4672"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1411.1204","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"0f2ccc07fcaed880764d36192c627189f0b4edad4e219830fa83088239de59ad","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0f2ccc07fcaed880764d36192c627189f0b4edad4e219830fa83088239de59ad","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55.806245Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55.806245Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pWWrxlhpgbFVfhylQNcnfI6GQuxnxoHmXIr8i1auRT/enqalyAUU4T98KUQWUHrsBToeI3fZbZcHK/43vd0XDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:55.806622Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1411.1204","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:64202cbb7b70f93abca815965f22bde9723319874eb3bbacd5d9a7746044e96c","sha256:da5e7d45d994c1c813382ac689eab7d0666128b5149e4791964c4d75a0e44729"],"state_sha256":"57921ae8d5826805f7bd245d3dd70edfa450ec8ee3f444e3376e8fd4b7f2e5e0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UVytFdGn7OR+2rSfbUQ9LVh7PEB+DuoThI8pG6y2vsbWMsODLtwIAfC2Rpheas77cEzyCXzjGvEBgXoyV7cfAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-22T17:37:47.793666Z","bundle_sha256":"808cbdf26d5b06a04e663202fe4586c9adedd7d1280b95e54fcaae6584e4da37"}}