{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ","short_pith_number":"pith:B6MNHYAU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.23131","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-05-22T01:09:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1a7f1a6212f2ca75ca209ecb54823089aebb84b8c769667fa392ae9a736210f1","abstract_canon_sha256":"553d544a120db8062929bcf9bb7066319a94ae6a15e2d66b7e95da75908ed17b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0f98d3e014da9a589c7ddf443dfb73a276ea91de2f0a10fcae4cd24e665b8eb3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.23131","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.23131","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.23131v1","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.23131","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"B6MNHYAU3KNF","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD5","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"B6MNHYAU","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.23131","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-05-22T01:09:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1a7f1a6212f2ca75ca209ecb54823089aebb84b8c769667fa392ae9a736210f1","abstract_canon_sha256":"553d544a120db8062929bcf9bb7066319a94ae6a15e2d66b7e95da75908ed17b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0f98d3e014da9a589c7ddf443dfb73a276ea91de2f0a10fcae4cd24e665b8eb3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39.649191Z","signature_b64":"qt0duNCX5DCTYE2u9LwqnOOuPB4WeLk3iNqDnuMy+vJPvSKZOFAkdqgTTqksYTrdmg5QvtvT0VmNNwc9qX6yBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0f98d3e014da9a589c7ddf443dfb73a276ea91de2f0a10fcae4cd24e665b8eb3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39.648623Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39.648623Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2605.23131","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9fvWKDyZ8nFQeRJyt+gNjSUMqZAeFnWn5niUWkyGZ11c+oyKXsaG+A0BQQsJxWydbDrNgqWckCf4cQpK/h9MBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T14:44:00.958037Z"},"content_sha256":"0279dace789fa00ed98a746a80f342f221ea804c0846b0c4a9ac722a56b90d26","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0279dace789fa00ed98a746a80f342f221ea804c0846b0c4a9ac722a56b90d26"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"When Determinants Are Not Enough: Private Rare Switching","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Xingyu Zhou","submitted_at":"2026-05-22T01:09:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this note, I would like to share a small research moment where Codex helped me find the right way to adapt rare switching to the private setting. The standard determinant-based update rule in linear bandits and RL works beautifully because the design matrix grows monotonically. But once Gaussian noise is added for privacy, this monotonicity can fail, and the usual analysis no longer goes through. The key reason is that determinant growth controls volume, while regret analysis needs control of the worst direction. To address this, Codex comes up with a different rare-switching rule based on "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.23131","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.23131/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sTA/4woKNyUDxEle07N2bl8QC1BhZaZMvNorHbLu8mvA34e/D+8zzxRki3II6Q246fQSqvEZ+kZQ7J2Xn2BrBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T14:44:00.958699Z"},"content_sha256":"7e34b4c1d25682a0fd5c1b7f1f54c90f53bea6f113e8f1cc4ce9e1555fadf43a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7e34b4c1d25682a0fd5c1b7f1f54c90f53bea6f113e8f1cc4ce9e1555fadf43a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T14:44:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD535CD363TUJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"553d544a120db8062929bcf9bb7066319a94ae6a15e2d66b7e95da75908ed17b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-05-22T01:09:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"1a7f1a6212f2ca75ca209ecb54823089aebb84b8c769667fa392ae9a736210f1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.23131","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.23131","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.23131v1","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.23131","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"B6MNHYAU3KNF","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"B6MNHYAU3KNFRHD5","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"B6MNHYAU","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7e34b4c1d25682a0fd5c1b7f1f54c90f53bea6f113e8f1cc4ce9e1555fadf43a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2605.23131/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this note, I would like to share a small research moment where Codex helped me find the right way to adapt rare switching to the private setting. The standard determinant-based update rule in linear bandits and RL works beautifully because the design matrix grows monotonically. But once Gaussian noise is added for privacy, this monotonicity can fail, and the usual analysis no longer goes through. The key reason is that determinant growth controls volume, while regret analysis needs control of the worst direction. To address this, Codex comes up with a different rare-switching rule based on ","authors_text":"Xingyu Zhou","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-05-22T01:09:14Z","title":"When Determinants Are Not Enough: Private Rare Switching"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.23131","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0279dace789fa00ed98a746a80f342f221ea804c0846b0c4a9ac722a56b90d26","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"553d544a120db8062929bcf9bb7066319a94ae6a15e2d66b7e95da75908ed17b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-05-22T01:09:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"1a7f1a6212f2ca75ca209ecb54823089aebb84b8c769667fa392ae9a736210f1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.23131","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0f98d3e014da9a589c7ddf443dfb73a276ea91de2f0a10fcae4cd24e665b8eb3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0f98d3e014da9a589c7ddf443dfb73a276ea91de2f0a10fcae4cd24e665b8eb3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39.648623Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39.648623Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qt0duNCX5DCTYE2u9LwqnOOuPB4WeLk3iNqDnuMy+vJPvSKZOFAkdqgTTqksYTrdmg5QvtvT0VmNNwc9qX6yBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-25T02:01:39.649191Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.23131","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0279dace789fa00ed98a746a80f342f221ea804c0846b0c4a9ac722a56b90d26","sha256:7e34b4c1d25682a0fd5c1b7f1f54c90f53bea6f113e8f1cc4ce9e1555fadf43a"],"state_sha256":"7a93076dbaea455813bf3d11759e9408d79abdd1dd29813f429c098889da810a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yWme3IoJqKvOWNzRemp+mPKwasc3jWrjwFXO/bQiCYtgtjhQPE0GmbTf6NctQOXDWlt0TEXSEaz2ldyncTroBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T14:44:00.961916Z","bundle_sha256":"e08056220d30b0d99e973921f651eb0212e7a15878b75779d0a500098b0ffefd"}}