{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG","short_pith_number":"pith:BAP6SWIM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2409.09290","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-09-14T03:40:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"783342265632b64e383083aade4a4aa10846f796dae24e1c5970474320f1e160","abstract_canon_sha256":"f1bc1f34b5b50b869d2f0aecfe54c13af377c141270bbef9f4165325d1537e4b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"081fe9590c346ac33ca2b3d83943c9899c35425b5b518c98445895c16d8a5e38","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2409.09290","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.09290","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.09290v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.09290","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BAP6SWIMGRVM","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFC","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BAP6SWIM","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2409.09290","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-09-14T03:40:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"783342265632b64e383083aade4a4aa10846f796dae24e1c5970474320f1e160","abstract_canon_sha256":"f1bc1f34b5b50b869d2f0aecfe54c13af377c141270bbef9f4165325d1537e4b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"081fe9590c346ac33ca2b3d83943c9899c35425b5b518c98445895c16d8a5e38","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00.913458Z","signature_b64":"k5lGPXJi+VOdHhPtgEiXyoFUMbZu35ARniZ0qZOx9LQ/HLu00LXZCwLQza9Sk94T1DpOchkDvgsWSMH4yo+XAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"081fe9590c346ac33ca2b3d83943c9899c35425b5b518c98445895c16d8a5e38","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00.912947Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00.912947Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2409.09290","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Yb0exwsdtwDRq14RFrvrM0TmSYfFnSfxxu/TOxl96Bxl97YDxu3nbqK06Vy0Bh2/yek8U2QGh3MFmpTptaXlBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T07:55:44.652859Z"},"content_sha256":"f974c473131362b135785a77c318cf2f9de64e1cf395f4e9193353aedb36283d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f974c473131362b135785a77c318cf2f9de64e1cf395f4e9193353aedb36283d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The physical origin of positive metallicity radial gradients in high-redshift galaxies: insights from the FIRE-2 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Andrew Marszewski, Andrew Wetzel, Claude-Andr\\'e Faucher-Gigu\\`ere, Du\\v{s}an Kere\\v{s}, Guochao Sun, Jonathan Stern, Kai Wang, Keyer Thyme, Lei Sun, Philip F. Hopkins, Russell L. Graf, Xiangcheng Ma, Xin Wang, Xunda Sun","submitted_at":"2024-09-14T03:40:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Using the FIRE-2 cosmological zoom-in simulations, we investigate the temporal evolution of gas-phase metallicity radial gradients of Milky Way-mass progenitors in the redshift range of $0.4<z<3$. We pay special attention to the occurrence of positive (i.e. inverted) metallicity gradients -- where metallicity increases with galactocentric radius. This trend, contrary to the more commonly observed negative radial gradients, has been frequently seen in recent spatially resolved grism observations. The rate of occurrence of positive gradients in FIRE-2 is about $\\sim7\\%$ for $0.4<z<3$ and $\\sim13"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.09290","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2409.09290/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ArJQtyZaUKOC8F8j8FxWMZpI6arbq02JebPC32+7B2ocVkX14jZVVw3UQ3Si0XVRs4M0hArCwBMT+pNXnmBfBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T07:55:44.653369Z"},"content_sha256":"1c8c589fdddcfeb9d05b2d5bbb0310dfab842ce72c9d4a32bb51a8b84a0489f3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1c8c589fdddcfeb9d05b2d5bbb0310dfab842ce72c9d4a32bb51a8b84a0489f3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T07:55:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFCWPMDSQ6JRG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f1bc1f34b5b50b869d2f0aecfe54c13af377c141270bbef9f4165325d1537e4b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-09-14T03:40:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"783342265632b64e383083aade4a4aa10846f796dae24e1c5970474320f1e160"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.09290","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.09290","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.09290v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.09290","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BAP6SWIMGRVM","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BAP6SWIMGRVMGPFC","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BAP6SWIM","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1c8c589fdddcfeb9d05b2d5bbb0310dfab842ce72c9d4a32bb51a8b84a0489f3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2409.09290/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Using the FIRE-2 cosmological zoom-in simulations, we investigate the temporal evolution of gas-phase metallicity radial gradients of Milky Way-mass progenitors in the redshift range of $0.4<z<3$. We pay special attention to the occurrence of positive (i.e. inverted) metallicity gradients -- where metallicity increases with galactocentric radius. This trend, contrary to the more commonly observed negative radial gradients, has been frequently seen in recent spatially resolved grism observations. The rate of occurrence of positive gradients in FIRE-2 is about $\\sim7\\%$ for $0.4<z<3$ and $\\sim13","authors_text":"Andrew Marszewski, Andrew Wetzel, Claude-Andr\\'e Faucher-Gigu\\`ere, Du\\v{s}an Kere\\v{s}, Guochao Sun, Jonathan Stern, Kai Wang, Keyer Thyme, Lei Sun, Philip F. Hopkins, Russell L. Graf, Xiangcheng Ma, Xin Wang, Xunda Sun","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-09-14T03:40:56Z","title":"The physical origin of positive metallicity radial gradients in high-redshift galaxies: insights from the FIRE-2 cosmological hydrodynamic simulations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.09290","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f974c473131362b135785a77c318cf2f9de64e1cf395f4e9193353aedb36283d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f1bc1f34b5b50b869d2f0aecfe54c13af377c141270bbef9f4165325d1537e4b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-09-14T03:40:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"783342265632b64e383083aade4a4aa10846f796dae24e1c5970474320f1e160"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.09290","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"081fe9590c346ac33ca2b3d83943c9899c35425b5b518c98445895c16d8a5e38","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"081fe9590c346ac33ca2b3d83943c9899c35425b5b518c98445895c16d8a5e38","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00.912947Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00.912947Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"k5lGPXJi+VOdHhPtgEiXyoFUMbZu35ARniZ0qZOx9LQ/HLu00LXZCwLQza9Sk94T1DpOchkDvgsWSMH4yo+XAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:26:00.913458Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2409.09290","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f974c473131362b135785a77c318cf2f9de64e1cf395f4e9193353aedb36283d","sha256:1c8c589fdddcfeb9d05b2d5bbb0310dfab842ce72c9d4a32bb51a8b84a0489f3"],"state_sha256":"103b7e7da961b4bdaec83941e33e527bef92ea0aad8449d6d1b3af49f920fdeb"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vMTd58fffNr0TMZy5VwsybXEqsvQlnF9ExjtiDms/O38b1HqIqfNqbF29Z0bUCIlyH/lcS+HiT1aGHXfoTNpDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T07:55:44.658117Z","bundle_sha256":"3a2bce468ce0215e947de4ad9d926cd7d2acdb7b0332c27cbdf8fd98f9fa8e6f"}}