{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL","short_pith_number":"pith:BFLBRH3D","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.08634","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T07:40:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"57b2f1581a346b78432838111a482c326e0b44034a1566ee4cc3068bf70d7144","abstract_canon_sha256":"d69235707a551aba8dc8fe8cb73c722cf36161069c64f682a7ca7202f2c85ca3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0956189f63b944f6f2aa4ff57e3e3b0ae6357d8b55ea7716bde315e11f6a2ce3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1710.08634","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.08634","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.08634v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.08634","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BFLBRH3DXFCP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BFLBRH3D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:08Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.08634","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T07:40:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"57b2f1581a346b78432838111a482c326e0b44034a1566ee4cc3068bf70d7144","abstract_canon_sha256":"d69235707a551aba8dc8fe8cb73c722cf36161069c64f682a7ca7202f2c85ca3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0956189f63b944f6f2aa4ff57e3e3b0ae6357d8b55ea7716bde315e11f6a2ce3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04.282592Z","signature_b64":"+nnN8MC31C/IPPCYa2INh2/v4uNwdMI4dLs1gMqiVYMEkr5CVqC2iliUeEm4EkVuZbe69NFfmS/2g/gBg4ivCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0956189f63b944f6f2aa4ff57e3e3b0ae6357d8b55ea7716bde315e11f6a2ce3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04.281955Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04.281955Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1710.08634","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VdLZLe1U/Dtggxe6ZX5fCjl3BZMigUd7dxe2Uui0Ws0hZORtnVdPIwMVpWZFGl8DYqfDQYNt/ueq28hQ8Xh7AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T18:42:25.667423Z"},"content_sha256":"784b1de35c7fcac832dde32fe52a15bc6b656e6d43a82f7e75922d69f1e21793","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:784b1de35c7fcac832dde32fe52a15bc6b656e6d43a82f7e75922d69f1e21793"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Using Multi-Label Classification for Improved Question Answering","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.IR","authors_text":"Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo, Jens Lehmann, Michael Hoffmann, Michael R\\\"oder, Ricardo Usbeck","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T07:40:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"A plethora of diverse approaches for question answering over RDF data have been developed in recent years. While the accuracy of these systems has increased significantly over time, most systems still focus on particular types of questions or particular challenges in question answering. What is a curse for single systems is a blessing for the combination of these systems. We show in this paper how machine learning techniques can be applied to create a more accurate question answering metasystem by reusing existing systems. In particular, we develop a multi-label classification-based metasystem"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.08634","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Oge6mCH/NSt3lBZdxH+1pNDXYGIKt6Yn0zGyIWK4M8O19QvxpKIAEqQoueXafwmWl3sw5PIoTNgdQ0oD6xbjCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T18:42:25.667961Z"},"content_sha256":"104098fd269319700712f86d3eb243ec52b2597ace4663972c75df9964d0311b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:104098fd269319700712f86d3eb243ec52b2597ace4663972c75df9964d0311b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T18:42:25Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VKJ72X4PR3BL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d69235707a551aba8dc8fe8cb73c722cf36161069c64f682a7ca7202f2c85ca3","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T07:40:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"57b2f1581a346b78432838111a482c326e0b44034a1566ee4cc3068bf70d7144"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.08634","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.08634","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.08634v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.08634","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BFLBRH3DXFCP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BFLBRH3DXFCPN4VK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BFLBRH3D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:104098fd269319700712f86d3eb243ec52b2597ace4663972c75df9964d0311b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A plethora of diverse approaches for question answering over RDF data have been developed in recent years. While the accuracy of these systems has increased significantly over time, most systems still focus on particular types of questions or particular challenges in question answering. What is a curse for single systems is a blessing for the combination of these systems. We show in this paper how machine learning techniques can be applied to create a more accurate question answering metasystem by reusing existing systems. In particular, we develop a multi-label classification-based metasystem","authors_text":"Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo, Jens Lehmann, Michael Hoffmann, Michael R\\\"oder, Ricardo Usbeck","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T07:40:16Z","title":"Using Multi-Label Classification for Improved Question Answering"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.08634","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:784b1de35c7fcac832dde32fe52a15bc6b656e6d43a82f7e75922d69f1e21793","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d69235707a551aba8dc8fe8cb73c722cf36161069c64f682a7ca7202f2c85ca3","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T07:40:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"57b2f1581a346b78432838111a482c326e0b44034a1566ee4cc3068bf70d7144"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.08634","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0956189f63b944f6f2aa4ff57e3e3b0ae6357d8b55ea7716bde315e11f6a2ce3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0956189f63b944f6f2aa4ff57e3e3b0ae6357d8b55ea7716bde315e11f6a2ce3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04.281955Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04.281955Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+nnN8MC31C/IPPCYa2INh2/v4uNwdMI4dLs1gMqiVYMEkr5CVqC2iliUeEm4EkVuZbe69NFfmS/2g/gBg4ivCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:32:04.282592Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1710.08634","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:784b1de35c7fcac832dde32fe52a15bc6b656e6d43a82f7e75922d69f1e21793","sha256:104098fd269319700712f86d3eb243ec52b2597ace4663972c75df9964d0311b"],"state_sha256":"4cc10f6f221dba0fc2507208f89be509272154da0b9ad5822688f1bb8c53dc06"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OPCbZ+XbtyrxprUviEstdPLYDAf7Xrtlc5qnIbd6IGnObs2vM1ky5z8+Gja2CkDO7G4NTWVPw4a8mVgdqm+WAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T18:42:25.670457Z","bundle_sha256":"eb26b5ef4a5255be66b38d118a9a9d47a08a6826e0060146c4f5bdd07bfb35e5"}}