{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK","short_pith_number":"pith:BGIX5UVP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2003.00140","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-02-29T00:52:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"18d2771caef61246c177456c55e48729a9e00b64052d6a80c4161965b9286a7c","abstract_canon_sha256":"82524eeeff0584ed6a603a4231dd8e97b31348978094302b77751bf0ee803e60"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"09917ed2afba8a5ecfc1fef44b489d82998b835fff9a88355af03cb2e96b2122","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2003.00140","version":5},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2003.00140","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2003.00140v5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2003.00140","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BGIX5UVPXKFF","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BGIX5UVP","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2003.00140","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-02-29T00:52:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"18d2771caef61246c177456c55e48729a9e00b64052d6a80c4161965b9286a7c","abstract_canon_sha256":"82524eeeff0584ed6a603a4231dd8e97b31348978094302b77751bf0ee803e60"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"09917ed2afba8a5ecfc1fef44b489d82998b835fff9a88355af03cb2e96b2122","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42.577399Z","signature_b64":"jDAUaEmXkF9AIJGIrw2OfUe1fQl5H0J5Ua9/iQpSkIooub86e+Rv33bDrv5HHQhh8ZXx+RbN0RRfGcWTTAB/Ag==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"09917ed2afba8a5ecfc1fef44b489d82998b835fff9a88355af03cb2e96b2122","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42.576975Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42.576975Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2003.00140","source_version":5,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qNiak5+dfXSNYAYsi1PToW5gkNjeFCdbUoMosPCVrEgJjL3sNRFKPaC5wRLYCXTL5BBVQHUbZyLJHSKveGqeAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T07:31:43.985450Z"},"content_sha256":"b2da64f1a002535e46eadc869a67c0f2d4f9b68e722d01fe61110bcd865b8e2d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b2da64f1a002535e46eadc869a67c0f2d4f9b68e722d01fe61110bcd865b8e2d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Origin of the 50 Hz harmonics in the transverse beam spectrum of the Large Hadron Collider","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","authors_text":"Gianluigi Arduini, Guido Sterbini, Leandro Intelisano, Sofia Kostoglou, Yannis Papaphilippou","submitted_at":"2020-02-29T00:52:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"Since the beginning of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) commissioning, spectral components at harmonics of the mains frequency (50 Hz) have been observed in the transverse beam spectrum. This paper presents an overview of the most important observations, collected during the latest physics operation of the LHC in 2018, which clearly indicates that the harmonics are the result of a real beam excitation rather than an instrumental feature. Based on these findings, potential sources of the perturbation are discussed and a correlation with power supply ripple originating from the magnets' power sup"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2003.00140","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2003.00140/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/ylSbqvy644DZKvvwr/TpUGHYbs/Wl4PLup+psJU7gwH82mhbof9q8yHADtk2YzF9mG68my5tmg5GGBD5eEEDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T07:31:43.985975Z"},"content_sha256":"b2843057257c953ea4359f774e6ebf782121baa869bcc17fa53b3a69b286dff3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b2843057257c953ea4359f774e6ebf782121baa869bcc17fa53b3a69b286dff3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-13T07:31:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B732EWSE5QK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"82524eeeff0584ed6a603a4231dd8e97b31348978094302b77751bf0ee803e60","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-02-29T00:52:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"18d2771caef61246c177456c55e48729a9e00b64052d6a80c4161965b9286a7c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2003.00140","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2003.00140","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2003.00140v5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2003.00140","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BGIX5UVPXKFF","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BGIX5UVPXKFF5T6B","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BGIX5UVP","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b2843057257c953ea4359f774e6ebf782121baa869bcc17fa53b3a69b286dff3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2003.00140/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Since the beginning of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) commissioning, spectral components at harmonics of the mains frequency (50 Hz) have been observed in the transverse beam spectrum. This paper presents an overview of the most important observations, collected during the latest physics operation of the LHC in 2018, which clearly indicates that the harmonics are the result of a real beam excitation rather than an instrumental feature. Based on these findings, potential sources of the perturbation are discussed and a correlation with power supply ripple originating from the magnets' power sup","authors_text":"Gianluigi Arduini, Guido Sterbini, Leandro Intelisano, Sofia Kostoglou, Yannis Papaphilippou","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-02-29T00:52:11Z","title":"Origin of the 50 Hz harmonics in the transverse beam spectrum of the Large Hadron Collider"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2003.00140","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b2da64f1a002535e46eadc869a67c0f2d4f9b68e722d01fe61110bcd865b8e2d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"82524eeeff0584ed6a603a4231dd8e97b31348978094302b77751bf0ee803e60","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2020-02-29T00:52:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"18d2771caef61246c177456c55e48729a9e00b64052d6a80c4161965b9286a7c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2003.00140","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"canonical_sha256":"09917ed2afba8a5ecfc1fef44b489d82998b835fff9a88355af03cb2e96b2122","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"09917ed2afba8a5ecfc1fef44b489d82998b835fff9a88355af03cb2e96b2122","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42.576975Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42.576975Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jDAUaEmXkF9AIJGIrw2OfUe1fQl5H0J5Ua9/iQpSkIooub86e+Rv33bDrv5HHQhh8ZXx+RbN0RRfGcWTTAB/Ag==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:23:42.577399Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2003.00140","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":5}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b2da64f1a002535e46eadc869a67c0f2d4f9b68e722d01fe61110bcd865b8e2d","sha256:b2843057257c953ea4359f774e6ebf782121baa869bcc17fa53b3a69b286dff3"],"state_sha256":"cce371355aa10c19f59842134234fa59c0791f29ce25bc200833982af4cd7f31"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"u+LK9LB7rRbP/lTRx6mDf9JxvNyM9+LRDOhdekM9TKqcPPjYZyRh9B/B6Sw9PeAjqxC0RCAXimuNajZ0Ux1DAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T07:31:43.990527Z","bundle_sha256":"18e1e05065cdba6672bf89a95a7c003e43cf424c8ee24c7b6d66d5962f01e83d"}}