{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK","short_pith_number":"pith:BGY2XR4P","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1005.4345","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-05-24T14:56:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"b8cb6e54ea59e0e2fc57def8e6bc9ce665d4a25ebaee42d8f77080a964f2c3e6","abstract_canon_sha256":"612c926db33e3765f81bc2c1db3051eba357c251367ee7c8d42d570c384344ad"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"09b1abc78f76c87547ef77e46a5bcf1ab17070c0201db9cd4adbf4ffde913e5c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1005.4345","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1005.4345","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1005.4345v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1005.4345","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BGY2XR4PO3EH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BGY2XR4P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1005.4345","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-05-24T14:56:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"b8cb6e54ea59e0e2fc57def8e6bc9ce665d4a25ebaee42d8f77080a964f2c3e6","abstract_canon_sha256":"612c926db33e3765f81bc2c1db3051eba357c251367ee7c8d42d570c384344ad"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"09b1abc78f76c87547ef77e46a5bcf1ab17070c0201db9cd4adbf4ffde913e5c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00.064134Z","signature_b64":"8pTeECpvH3O6ib7z6s3oEVSytNSeSBEexgErJnQu7Q7aUM2FIX636eG4pk0CtjmCHMYnIOqVyT1/XoUWsHQCAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"09b1abc78f76c87547ef77e46a5bcf1ab17070c0201db9cd4adbf4ffde913e5c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00.063535Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00.063535Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1005.4345","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2pV8FaM8YJBJytswrkukXOBdJ00n+ph5S0evM5cGR2VONB0xJwQbfA1b+tSdz5P01blOO0l6gGcGxLQmlzc9Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T23:16:15.047180Z"},"content_sha256":"cee4bbddda69707009422b864cab41b9c49c3119e439ff5e1ab0cb92763de008","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cee4bbddda69707009422b864cab41b9c49c3119e439ff5e1ab0cb92763de008"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Revisit of cosmic age problem","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Miao Li, Shuang Wang, Xiao-Dong Li","submitted_at":"2010-05-24T14:56:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the cosmic age problem associated with 9 extremely old globular clusters in M31 galaxy and 1 very old high-$z$ quasar APM 08279 + 5255 at $z=3.91$. These 9 globular clusters have not been used to study the cosmic age problem in the previous literature. By evaluating the age of the universe in the $\\Lambda$CDM model with the observational constraints from the SNIa, the BAO, the CMB, and the independent $H_0$ measurements, we find that the existence of 5 globular clusters and 1 high-$z$ quasar are in tension (over 2$\\sigma$ confidence level) with the current cosmological observati"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1005.4345","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hNFcxXdXTVcOJE/9OdtQN1IVCgwjfLS5RpREW3BG+fkypLnPGC8baNpZFBTpTeV7B/OlsN5Sxk67JZEvFA1FBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T23:16:15.047541Z"},"content_sha256":"7da51173eb222eaed01ee71bac3cc95d3714b2dabae852321dc97a0bbe891c54","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7da51173eb222eaed01ee71bac3cc95d3714b2dabae852321dc97a0bbe891c54"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T23:16:15Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7PO7SGUW6PDK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"612c926db33e3765f81bc2c1db3051eba357c251367ee7c8d42d570c384344ad","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-05-24T14:56:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"b8cb6e54ea59e0e2fc57def8e6bc9ce665d4a25ebaee42d8f77080a964f2c3e6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1005.4345","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1005.4345","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1005.4345v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1005.4345","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BGY2XR4PO3EH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BGY2XR4PO3EHKR7P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BGY2XR4P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7da51173eb222eaed01ee71bac3cc95d3714b2dabae852321dc97a0bbe891c54","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the cosmic age problem associated with 9 extremely old globular clusters in M31 galaxy and 1 very old high-$z$ quasar APM 08279 + 5255 at $z=3.91$. These 9 globular clusters have not been used to study the cosmic age problem in the previous literature. By evaluating the age of the universe in the $\\Lambda$CDM model with the observational constraints from the SNIa, the BAO, the CMB, and the independent $H_0$ measurements, we find that the existence of 5 globular clusters and 1 high-$z$ quasar are in tension (over 2$\\sigma$ confidence level) with the current cosmological observati","authors_text":"Miao Li, Shuang Wang, Xiao-Dong Li","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-05-24T14:56:31Z","title":"Revisit of cosmic age problem"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1005.4345","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cee4bbddda69707009422b864cab41b9c49c3119e439ff5e1ab0cb92763de008","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"612c926db33e3765f81bc2c1db3051eba357c251367ee7c8d42d570c384344ad","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-05-24T14:56:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"b8cb6e54ea59e0e2fc57def8e6bc9ce665d4a25ebaee42d8f77080a964f2c3e6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1005.4345","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"09b1abc78f76c87547ef77e46a5bcf1ab17070c0201db9cd4adbf4ffde913e5c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"09b1abc78f76c87547ef77e46a5bcf1ab17070c0201db9cd4adbf4ffde913e5c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00.063535Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00.063535Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8pTeECpvH3O6ib7z6s3oEVSytNSeSBEexgErJnQu7Q7aUM2FIX636eG4pk0CtjmCHMYnIOqVyT1/XoUWsHQCAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:34:00.064134Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1005.4345","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cee4bbddda69707009422b864cab41b9c49c3119e439ff5e1ab0cb92763de008","sha256:7da51173eb222eaed01ee71bac3cc95d3714b2dabae852321dc97a0bbe891c54"],"state_sha256":"0697e65c91b877822da7f8ac388d8563bac40ea69a64606a70d9e917b638e0c8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mq/l1r4hJW93NYV3itdFfX5h0mwJKXyiQ/6xP4A2+QkoH6I9S+3B9YJi3fZz+HMnwqm/cP/ZbNNb18FE7An3Dw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T23:16:15.049495Z","bundle_sha256":"2988a65f589a365da079e63cc9c2ee4515867053173322495e0edfc742f1b911"}}