{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB","short_pith_number":"pith:BI4OCL5U","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2311.18194","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-11-30T02:26:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"9622172ac5ece1105029aff5ae6dc714a7d3cb219975fe4325c8d5545daac98a","abstract_canon_sha256":"26daeb50f2bbe7eadfdbe0c7adff6741befe44f06868222312b49c5611f9320b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0a38e12fb4939caf110382ad87e4d048644f4aa4cd7fb02bcbcacf5ee3f2b371","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2311.18194","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2311.18194","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2311.18194v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.18194","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BI4OCL5USOOK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BI4OCL5USOOK6EID","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BI4OCL5U","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2311.18194","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-11-30T02:26:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"9622172ac5ece1105029aff5ae6dc714a7d3cb219975fe4325c8d5545daac98a","abstract_canon_sha256":"26daeb50f2bbe7eadfdbe0c7adff6741befe44f06868222312b49c5611f9320b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0a38e12fb4939caf110382ad87e4d048644f4aa4cd7fb02bcbcacf5ee3f2b371","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38.493907Z","signature_b64":"CAThE2mW6a2J0vbhAYQmEIWFunv0Lw9ARoU6HRHcVSc/QdKhpuIaYBfCbim4ZEwlkb8ynK7v9mik3M9jUWYbCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0a38e12fb4939caf110382ad87e4d048644f4aa4cd7fb02bcbcacf5ee3f2b371","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38.493528Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38.493528Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2311.18194","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hxd/B4jsORdRHDmdh4BRcb7A80TO9FpzrYl0JjYs5V3YyTFq8r04Bm6sUuMY0DoBfrVx+T0YVYoF8PAA0zPuCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T11:49:57.572625Z"},"content_sha256":"deed88cee44fdf96eddfc9dcb28ecfb0a10abc8617d38a4648eb544e304d8be9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:deed88cee44fdf96eddfc9dcb28ecfb0a10abc8617d38a4648eb544e304d8be9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Positional Information Matters for Invariant In-Context Learning: A Case Study of Simple Function Classes","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Binghui Xie, Bo Han, James Cheng, Kaiwen Zhou, Yatao Bian, Yongqiang Chen","submitted_at":"2023-11-30T02:26:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"In-context learning (ICL) refers to the ability of a model to condition on a few in-context demonstrations (input-output examples of the underlying task) to generate the answer for a new query input, without updating parameters. Despite the impressive ICL ability of LLMs, it has also been found that ICL in LLMs is sensitive to input demonstrations and limited to short context lengths. To understand the limitations and principles for successful ICL, we conduct an investigation with ICL linear regression of transformers. We characterize several Out-of-Distribution (OOD) cases for ICL inspired by"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2311.18194","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2311.18194/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J4ghxWKlLl/3BFus1z/WdOmiEG77epwOU1pJEb7jcLUNUT27jhDCBQ1CpKmcBfU0opeioizVkwMcL236e40qAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T11:49:57.573000Z"},"content_sha256":"91c9327ac245a4a92f357eff1116751a06ed2724931c1f19512f27013b1f0c7e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:91c9327ac245a4a92f357eff1116751a06ed2724931c1f19512f27013b1f0c7e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T11:49:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:BI4OCL5USOOK6EIDQKWYPZGQJB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"26daeb50f2bbe7eadfdbe0c7adff6741befe44f06868222312b49c5611f9320b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-11-30T02:26:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"9622172ac5ece1105029aff5ae6dc714a7d3cb219975fe4325c8d5545daac98a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2311.18194","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2311.18194","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2311.18194v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.18194","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BI4OCL5USOOK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BI4OCL5USOOK6EID","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BI4OCL5U","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:91c9327ac245a4a92f357eff1116751a06ed2724931c1f19512f27013b1f0c7e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2311.18194/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In-context learning (ICL) refers to the ability of a model to condition on a few in-context demonstrations (input-output examples of the underlying task) to generate the answer for a new query input, without updating parameters. Despite the impressive ICL ability of LLMs, it has also been found that ICL in LLMs is sensitive to input demonstrations and limited to short context lengths. To understand the limitations and principles for successful ICL, we conduct an investigation with ICL linear regression of transformers. We characterize several Out-of-Distribution (OOD) cases for ICL inspired by","authors_text":"Binghui Xie, Bo Han, James Cheng, Kaiwen Zhou, Yatao Bian, Yongqiang Chen","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-11-30T02:26:55Z","title":"Positional Information Matters for Invariant In-Context Learning: A Case Study of Simple Function Classes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2311.18194","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:deed88cee44fdf96eddfc9dcb28ecfb0a10abc8617d38a4648eb544e304d8be9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"26daeb50f2bbe7eadfdbe0c7adff6741befe44f06868222312b49c5611f9320b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-11-30T02:26:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"9622172ac5ece1105029aff5ae6dc714a7d3cb219975fe4325c8d5545daac98a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2311.18194","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0a38e12fb4939caf110382ad87e4d048644f4aa4cd7fb02bcbcacf5ee3f2b371","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0a38e12fb4939caf110382ad87e4d048644f4aa4cd7fb02bcbcacf5ee3f2b371","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38.493528Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38.493528Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"CAThE2mW6a2J0vbhAYQmEIWFunv0Lw9ARoU6HRHcVSc/QdKhpuIaYBfCbim4ZEwlkb8ynK7v9mik3M9jUWYbCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:18:38.493907Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2311.18194","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:deed88cee44fdf96eddfc9dcb28ecfb0a10abc8617d38a4648eb544e304d8be9","sha256:91c9327ac245a4a92f357eff1116751a06ed2724931c1f19512f27013b1f0c7e"],"state_sha256":"f18148b557125e430fadcc64c1d33be189cb270458b28da848695f1dac7b452a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UJwI0bmbbN2tvv3+VcVkCL0I/SHYnTXaSWhJDt9M6UMLkKEZvWheFMPuraiymZmwFYEV3iJITSopWGRT78eGBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T11:49:57.574990Z","bundle_sha256":"336a862c70eea06935de68a06c9a56a19a071914b60991ec9534dcdd9292fa3d"}}