{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV","short_pith_number":"pith:BJJN77WY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1109.6562","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2011-09-29T15:40:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"a63473cac622b376cfc81b1a24c3f4a8aeefe9dc6b7186f6504b1004beb26693","abstract_canon_sha256":"de08637e89dca7eb755b8b8df07a1ae97d056fbcc795f30f4c1fda976fb12ae1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0a52dffed8c4dbd5fce4e33fe1ee68b55f88aca816ffbcab139266c77cb8bc5a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1109.6562","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1109.6562","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1109.6562v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1109.6562","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BJJN77WYYTN5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BJJN77WY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1109.6562","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2011-09-29T15:40:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"a63473cac622b376cfc81b1a24c3f4a8aeefe9dc6b7186f6504b1004beb26693","abstract_canon_sha256":"de08637e89dca7eb755b8b8df07a1ae97d056fbcc795f30f4c1fda976fb12ae1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0a52dffed8c4dbd5fce4e33fe1ee68b55f88aca816ffbcab139266c77cb8bc5a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13.323358Z","signature_b64":"6ughBvXm7RWOHIiXqqXTmXClXqBkTrLvMEUUmrI55d0F4st9GX2n2N5GlCpV/rcBK0pGegpSXW9ouwqL60ieDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0a52dffed8c4dbd5fce4e33fe1ee68b55f88aca816ffbcab139266c77cb8bc5a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13.322871Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13.322871Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1109.6562","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Wj+qVa4Ge2/wu5Xi0iLlEnurJsVK8RuFK5sRXMZln4cm/fLtF44d1ypgplJuUZwgfMgzagAWwE+viUUsHXJxAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T00:23:44.544843Z"},"content_sha256":"cb23079527988da6fc86270a12125ebee84d91f8726d256cd025069e37fe13a6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cb23079527988da6fc86270a12125ebee84d91f8726d256cd025069e37fe13a6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"New Constraints on Neutrino Velocities","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ex"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Andrew G. Cohen, Sheldon L. Glashow","submitted_at":"2011-09-29T15:40:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"The OPERA collaboration has claimed that muon neutrinos with mean energy of 17.5 GeV travel 730 km from CERN to the Gran Sasso at a speed exceeding that of light by about 7.5 km/s or 25 ppm. However, we show that such superluminal neutrinos would lose energy rapidly via the bremsstrahlung of electron-positron pairs ($\\nu\\rightarrow \\nu+e^-+e^+$). For the claimed superluminal neutrino velocity and at the stated mean neutrino energy, we find that most of the neutrinos would have suffered several pair emissions en route, causing the beam to be depleted of higher energy neutrinos. Thus we refute t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1109.6562","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QXTmnGNSNKUw89uYt/sb9y7VMtTMdKDdEFoxzFdfG3a1QNwyCJwyLPnQTGcZqupC3WH/iRVodv/RpXFUkEFvCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T00:23:44.545186Z"},"content_sha256":"dcd8320a5361c492c23eb65b7c75102de7c5f711783e5951139664f51afc0a11","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dcd8320a5361c492c23eb65b7c75102de7c5f711783e5951139664f51afc0a11"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T00:23:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE4M76D3TIWV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"de08637e89dca7eb755b8b8df07a1ae97d056fbcc795f30f4c1fda976fb12ae1","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2011-09-29T15:40:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"a63473cac622b376cfc81b1a24c3f4a8aeefe9dc6b7186f6504b1004beb26693"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1109.6562","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1109.6562","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1109.6562v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1109.6562","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BJJN77WYYTN5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BJJN77WYYTN5L7HE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BJJN77WY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dcd8320a5361c492c23eb65b7c75102de7c5f711783e5951139664f51afc0a11","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The OPERA collaboration has claimed that muon neutrinos with mean energy of 17.5 GeV travel 730 km from CERN to the Gran Sasso at a speed exceeding that of light by about 7.5 km/s or 25 ppm. However, we show that such superluminal neutrinos would lose energy rapidly via the bremsstrahlung of electron-positron pairs ($\\nu\\rightarrow \\nu+e^-+e^+$). For the claimed superluminal neutrino velocity and at the stated mean neutrino energy, we find that most of the neutrinos would have suffered several pair emissions en route, causing the beam to be depleted of higher energy neutrinos. Thus we refute t","authors_text":"Andrew G. Cohen, Sheldon L. Glashow","cross_cats":["hep-ex"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2011-09-29T15:40:12Z","title":"New Constraints on Neutrino Velocities"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1109.6562","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cb23079527988da6fc86270a12125ebee84d91f8726d256cd025069e37fe13a6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"de08637e89dca7eb755b8b8df07a1ae97d056fbcc795f30f4c1fda976fb12ae1","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2011-09-29T15:40:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"a63473cac622b376cfc81b1a24c3f4a8aeefe9dc6b7186f6504b1004beb26693"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1109.6562","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"0a52dffed8c4dbd5fce4e33fe1ee68b55f88aca816ffbcab139266c77cb8bc5a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0a52dffed8c4dbd5fce4e33fe1ee68b55f88aca816ffbcab139266c77cb8bc5a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13.322871Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13.322871Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"6ughBvXm7RWOHIiXqqXTmXClXqBkTrLvMEUUmrI55d0F4st9GX2n2N5GlCpV/rcBK0pGegpSXW9ouwqL60ieDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:13.323358Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1109.6562","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cb23079527988da6fc86270a12125ebee84d91f8726d256cd025069e37fe13a6","sha256:dcd8320a5361c492c23eb65b7c75102de7c5f711783e5951139664f51afc0a11"],"state_sha256":"fc558cf760ee1b92a679e80963f28be9d386085ebf6b07caff5b0ab89e76d7e4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NVj9W7g+VKQJFdrk70vyMvXLtj4/qfKbBEVElBFuMHjMpkag971dnTGt2D4DlEpXjtob+NLAGzB2AKXkx8vlDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T00:23:44.547154Z","bundle_sha256":"7c272d500eaaedc79a471e8ae07d8ad798e8a16ee2a1e259c3b4a82703ddbe5a"}}