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The second flare was detected in September 2010 and lasted approximately 4 days. During these outbursts the gamma-ray flux from the nebula increased by factors of four and six, respectively. The brevity of the flares implies that the gamma rays were emitted via synchrotron radiation from"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1011.3855","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2010-11-16T23:26:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6a4cf8c1b02eb7c82316c41c592dbb39357be7502f7dbce4fba71d047b3c2e67","abstract_canon_sha256":"3c0aa5ef299d1520de9f4300bc2814b46b3953e264602c490fd82e8be35f8baa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:31:51.437235Z","signature_b64":"oNbePaoJbZhx2xJXG9Qx/f/YgjMsH6I+Yi6tvlfWPB5znV+n31L89kFDHIIr0vz86V5TKksGgkzHl/mv9jD4Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0b45aeadf2e222e08ecd02a0c161ac9ef5ed8246a5ca7a47e3c6508d06df9375","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:31:51.436586Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:31:51.436586Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gamma-ray flares from the Crab Nebula","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Fermi-LAT Collaboration","submitted_at":"2010-11-16T23:26:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"A young and energetic pulsar powers the well-known Crab Nebula. 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