{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2019:BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ","short_pith_number":"pith:BOCTAFJS","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"0b85301532e3a2070900181f878f26c656db25d4d891a5a11e785163b2d097bf","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.00679","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Investigating Direct Manipulation of Graphical Encodings as a Method for User Interaction","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Alex Endert, Bahador Saket, Charles Perin, Samuel Huron","submitted_at":"2019-08-02T02:05:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate direct manipulation of graphical encodings as a method for interacting with visualizations. There is an increasing interest in developing visualization tools that enable users to perform operations by directly manipulating graphical encodings rather than external widgets such as checkboxes and sliders. Designers of such tools must decide which direct manipulation operations should be supported, and identify how each operation can be invoked. However, we lack empirical guidelines for how people convey their intended operations using direct manipulation of graphical encodings. We "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.00679","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2019-08-02T02:05:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5f806b1a139cd0690e291f0c04c87bcee171c70236bb3a4f5a62c6830896c063","abstract_canon_sha256":"55f751966373b8c80050abfcfbd62691e3cc70bbdc44828f1cda00cfee29539d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272659Z","signature_b64":"evbrk5JIY5JcJwGakJ5nBn4Yt3UJYI/luxrBVNYKVX3v+H2220AxsIGoyHDr9dpfotWAAxeOm2QMzsI5CG1TBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0b85301532e3a2070900181f878f26c656db25d4d891a5a11e785163b2d097bf","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272240Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272240Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Investigating Direct Manipulation of Graphical Encodings as a Method for User Interaction","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Alex Endert, Bahador Saket, Charles Perin, Samuel Huron","submitted_at":"2019-08-02T02:05:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate direct manipulation of graphical encodings as a method for interacting with visualizations. There is an increasing interest in developing visualization tools that enable users to perform operations by directly manipulating graphical encodings rather than external widgets such as checkboxes and sliders. Designers of such tools must decide which direct manipulation operations should be supported, and identify how each operation can be invoked. However, we lack empirical guidelines for how people convey their intended operations using direct manipulation of graphical encodings. We "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.00679","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.00679/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.00679","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272299+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.00679v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272299+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.00679","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272299+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BOCTAFJS4ORA","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272299+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIA","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272299+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BOCTAFJS","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272299+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ","json":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/BOCTAFJS"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/BOCTAFJS","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1908.00679&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/BOCTAFJS4ORAOCIADAPYPDZGYZ/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272299+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-04T23:51:08.272299+00:00"}