{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX","short_pith_number":"pith:BQXXAQ5I","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2003.09090","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2020-03-20T03:26:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"4ac4cae90bdb120629751f03da00da892aa86422c14b51fc64cc06e97cf7a421","abstract_canon_sha256":"4678f7b97109159a7ca8848f44f8756cb903bb4e7487c2f51f8676d9784afc44"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0c2f7043a86580450be9de821eba341de3078dbf2cff2c939cb29f7b4d15ddb2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2003.09090","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2003.09090","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2003.09090v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2003.09090","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BQXXAQ5IMWAE","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BQXXAQ5I","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2003.09090","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2020-03-20T03:26:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"4ac4cae90bdb120629751f03da00da892aa86422c14b51fc64cc06e97cf7a421","abstract_canon_sha256":"4678f7b97109159a7ca8848f44f8756cb903bb4e7487c2f51f8676d9784afc44"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0c2f7043a86580450be9de821eba341de3078dbf2cff2c939cb29f7b4d15ddb2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50.452248Z","signature_b64":"5J7QbL1AteVz1gg2YpHvzY+DNhAdJ2t3QCsUxu62nLW2C9IYyc1f/qUhHB61GT9E0cljHtO1ZETxx3eu3KcUBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0c2f7043a86580450be9de821eba341de3078dbf2cff2c939cb29f7b4d15ddb2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50.451774Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50.451774Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2003.09090","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yA5bxEVebobuI0EI8LtMzNG3INn0JAMGpnlzJmFpHgVkcH/JsH03+aWLnIQesS8IuFtoWKrR/9Dt7E+c+OQeBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T12:09:19.726742Z"},"content_sha256":"17e2625270a1704968e90ee9637e4778cc649b7a2bbdea280d89a4497743dff7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:17e2625270a1704968e90ee9637e4778cc649b7a2bbdea280d89a4497743dff7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Millimeter Wave Communications With Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface: Performance Analysis and Optimization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Bo Ai, Hongyang Du, Jiayi Zhang, Julian Cheng, Zhaohua Lu","submitted_at":"2020-03-20T03:26:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) can create favorable multipath to establish strong links that are useful in millimeter wave (mmWave) communications. While previous works used Rayleigh or Rician fading, we use the fluctuating two-ray (FTR) distribution to model the small-scale fading in mmWave frequency. First, we obtain the statistical characterizations of the product of independent FTR random variables (RVs) and the sum of product of FTR RVs. For the RIS-aided and amplify-and-forward (AF) relay systems, we derive exact end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) expressions. To maximize t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2003.09090","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2003.09090/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wpko56coaQv+9qfsui0yudyblzje/ZvMwg/44Ez2KLN1Uliq4alOGnRibmobHv64+nhtnwLE9MRZibfAXF5bBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T12:09:19.727255Z"},"content_sha256":"5dd6cedc076e4ef5498e4a48f335261cc05841471456f2d3e81f20ff6978a956","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5dd6cedc076e4ef5498e4a48f335261cc05841471456f2d3e81f20ff6978a956"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T12:09:19Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J32BB5ORUDX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4678f7b97109159a7ca8848f44f8756cb903bb4e7487c2f51f8676d9784afc44","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2020-03-20T03:26:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"4ac4cae90bdb120629751f03da00da892aa86422c14b51fc64cc06e97cf7a421"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2003.09090","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2003.09090","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2003.09090v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2003.09090","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BQXXAQ5IMWAE","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BQXXAQ5IMWAEKC7J","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BQXXAQ5I","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5dd6cedc076e4ef5498e4a48f335261cc05841471456f2d3e81f20ff6978a956","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2003.09090/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) can create favorable multipath to establish strong links that are useful in millimeter wave (mmWave) communications. While previous works used Rayleigh or Rician fading, we use the fluctuating two-ray (FTR) distribution to model the small-scale fading in mmWave frequency. First, we obtain the statistical characterizations of the product of independent FTR random variables (RVs) and the sum of product of FTR RVs. For the RIS-aided and amplify-and-forward (AF) relay systems, we derive exact end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) expressions. To maximize t","authors_text":"Bo Ai, Hongyang Du, Jiayi Zhang, Julian Cheng, Zhaohua Lu","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2020-03-20T03:26:40Z","title":"Millimeter Wave Communications With Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface: Performance Analysis and Optimization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2003.09090","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:17e2625270a1704968e90ee9637e4778cc649b7a2bbdea280d89a4497743dff7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4678f7b97109159a7ca8848f44f8756cb903bb4e7487c2f51f8676d9784afc44","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2020-03-20T03:26:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"4ac4cae90bdb120629751f03da00da892aa86422c14b51fc64cc06e97cf7a421"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2003.09090","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"0c2f7043a86580450be9de821eba341de3078dbf2cff2c939cb29f7b4d15ddb2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0c2f7043a86580450be9de821eba341de3078dbf2cff2c939cb29f7b4d15ddb2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50.451774Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50.451774Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5J7QbL1AteVz1gg2YpHvzY+DNhAdJ2t3QCsUxu62nLW2C9IYyc1f/qUhHB61GT9E0cljHtO1ZETxx3eu3KcUBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:49:50.452248Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2003.09090","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:17e2625270a1704968e90ee9637e4778cc649b7a2bbdea280d89a4497743dff7","sha256:5dd6cedc076e4ef5498e4a48f335261cc05841471456f2d3e81f20ff6978a956"],"state_sha256":"48ee7adbe192b878c2de53ca0cfef2dda6a45cbd3a5c6141a55275fa2a0c9d75"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eBXJWkm5b5r3U+u0nMwZbLEwxnExG1wgSPANmGkloCRcK5afWjy92AThPCdBJBhLEbeLsXMw891f4fW5s2xNCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T12:09:19.731301Z","bundle_sha256":"84305b9f557851e29afb99f7dea96caa029bf090df909b00644f3ca592306085"}}