{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:BTZI62TI6QCLLIG2UOYFNIXLRA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"61c50807d4b045a8d00ebf03e0f3c43a352c4797acf8171c66fa2392a6384de4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2011-11-29T12:04:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"caa16ce8450a1e3a31a9890cabe1014ff0fd9ce0b7a1060100f839669802be60"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.6781","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.6781","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.6781v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.6781","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BTZI62TI6QCL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BTZI62TI6QCLLIG2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BTZI62TI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:24Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:939a7ad7b692517b644222667acb91646384168378752b1f2a7303da89a712cf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Bubbly turbulent Taylor-Couette (TC) flow is globally and locally studied at Reynolds numbers of Re = 5 x 10^5 to 2 x 10^6 with a stationary outer cylinder and a mean bubble diameter around 1 mm. We measure the drag reduction (DR) based on the global dimensional torque as a function of the global gas volume fraction a_global over the range 0% to 4%. We observe a moderate DR of up to 7% for Re = 5.1 x 10^5. Significantly stronger DR is achieved for Re = 1.0 x 10^6 and 2.0 x 10^6 with, remarkably, more than 40% of DR at Re = 2.0 x 10^6 and a_global = 4%.\n  To shed light on the two apparently dif","authors_text":"Chao Sun, Daniela Narezo Guzman, Dennis P. M. van Gils, Detlef Lohse","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2011-11-29T12:04:34Z","title":"The importance of bubble deformability for strong drag reduction in bubbly turbulent Taylor-Couette flow"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.6781","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:62fb0451ee1de165d39ae1656c1967d896a5f2f16a65fefa2b254149730628be","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"61c50807d4b045a8d00ebf03e0f3c43a352c4797acf8171c66fa2392a6384de4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2011-11-29T12:04:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"caa16ce8450a1e3a31a9890cabe1014ff0fd9ce0b7a1060100f839669802be60"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.6781","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"0cf28f6a68f404b5a0daa3b056a2eb8821ee10df414faa0011d0014f36e95715","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0cf28f6a68f404b5a0daa3b056a2eb8821ee10df414faa0011d0014f36e95715","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:11.485802Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:11.485802Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Gv2BfIz5hvHDSu7CZZKs75GmhM82QUPL7I3Mr3QqAlOx1PFiEeKOxm6s2an2Qgtm5vAZJGS85uO2AAs3IzcUBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:25:11.486351Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1111.6781","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:62fb0451ee1de165d39ae1656c1967d896a5f2f16a65fefa2b254149730628be","sha256:939a7ad7b692517b644222667acb91646384168378752b1f2a7303da89a712cf"],"state_sha256":"f7c4255a1d33615fd00d6af4eedc188ade61f689b106a88d363fca2f310f8b6b"}