{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2001:BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4","short_pith_number":"pith:BU7KLBXD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0101223","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-01-13T22:27:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"919858394ca6a7428571258950fbd78824c88091d39f0d015741053358c4bfdc","abstract_canon_sha256":"c4eae994b055af64fd8a068b8157981723a8a9ebc4331c231153d4a7520e9aab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0d3ea586e38a73692390bddfaf7ef8cf098f21ec90ecf2ff09667b18fd1c9eb5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0101223","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0101223","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0101223v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0101223","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BU7KLBXDRJZW","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4Q","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BU7KLBXD","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2001:BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0101223","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-01-13T22:27:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"919858394ca6a7428571258950fbd78824c88091d39f0d015741053358c4bfdc","abstract_canon_sha256":"c4eae994b055af64fd8a068b8157981723a8a9ebc4331c231153d4a7520e9aab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0d3ea586e38a73692390bddfaf7ef8cf098f21ec90ecf2ff09667b18fd1c9eb5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34.291831Z","signature_b64":"olYsKZ1aKuJZsG6dGIPDsXoD7CAO3x1IuGAkKFd6ULxOE229Ek8eYAByqzO5F96kp5M3eEDVoNb5vEN6RxaXBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0d3ea586e38a73692390bddfaf7ef8cf098f21ec90ecf2ff09667b18fd1c9eb5","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34.291497Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34.291497Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0101223","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FGOcqjeAUWocHNUOj7v2whMcoTXCaaS8tmyTkomilHlEWFrz9TZDtXOlISuB5NzX6b40y3VYjxdMv4DTm0+iDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T15:57:21.102842Z"},"content_sha256":"0c5b5c47ff9145d6858bbad206d310f16ac277b1ac7c329bb5d83aa39a5ee437","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0c5b5c47ff9145d6858bbad206d310f16ac277b1ac7c329bb5d83aa39a5ee437"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2001:BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Massive Black Holes as Population III Remnants","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Martin J. Rees (IoA), Piero Madau (UCSC)","submitted_at":"2001-01-13T22:27:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent numerical simulations of the fragmentation of primordial molecular clouds in hierarchical cosmogonies have suggested that the very first stars (the so-called Population III) may have been rather massive. Here we point out that a numerous population of massive black holes (MBHs) -- with masses intermediate between those of stellar and supermassive holes -- may be the endproduct of such an episode of pregalactic star formation. If only one MBH with m > 150 msun formed in each of the `minihalos' collapsing at z=20 from 3-sigma fluctuations, then the mass density of Pop III MBHs would be co"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0101223","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0101223/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GnZzydBX2wznCTLLZ838UjRxZaXdPD/79TOxxbgutAbpoSCHy2PlvQ+93Ri6L2ujJznNS76EWczwkKi9WrZdAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T15:57:21.103721Z"},"content_sha256":"048a9b3254d50bb72a7c9942c76209fa9c82bc253134580478f75fd938584cb4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:048a9b3254d50bb72a7c9942c76209fa9c82bc253134580478f75fd938584cb4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T15:57:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2001:BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4QXXP267XYZ4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c4eae994b055af64fd8a068b8157981723a8a9ebc4331c231153d4a7520e9aab","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-01-13T22:27:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"919858394ca6a7428571258950fbd78824c88091d39f0d015741053358c4bfdc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0101223","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0101223","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0101223v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0101223","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BU7KLBXDRJZW","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BU7KLBXDRJZWSI4Q","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BU7KLBXD","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:048a9b3254d50bb72a7c9942c76209fa9c82bc253134580478f75fd938584cb4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0101223/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent numerical simulations of the fragmentation of primordial molecular clouds in hierarchical cosmogonies have suggested that the very first stars (the so-called Population III) may have been rather massive. Here we point out that a numerous population of massive black holes (MBHs) -- with masses intermediate between those of stellar and supermassive holes -- may be the endproduct of such an episode of pregalactic star formation. If only one MBH with m > 150 msun formed in each of the `minihalos' collapsing at z=20 from 3-sigma fluctuations, then the mass density of Pop III MBHs would be co","authors_text":"Martin J. Rees (IoA), Piero Madau (UCSC)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-01-13T22:27:05Z","title":"Massive Black Holes as Population III Remnants"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0101223","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0c5b5c47ff9145d6858bbad206d310f16ac277b1ac7c329bb5d83aa39a5ee437","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c4eae994b055af64fd8a068b8157981723a8a9ebc4331c231153d4a7520e9aab","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-01-13T22:27:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"919858394ca6a7428571258950fbd78824c88091d39f0d015741053358c4bfdc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0101223","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"0d3ea586e38a73692390bddfaf7ef8cf098f21ec90ecf2ff09667b18fd1c9eb5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0d3ea586e38a73692390bddfaf7ef8cf098f21ec90ecf2ff09667b18fd1c9eb5","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34.291497Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34.291497Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"olYsKZ1aKuJZsG6dGIPDsXoD7CAO3x1IuGAkKFd6ULxOE229Ek8eYAByqzO5F96kp5M3eEDVoNb5vEN6RxaXBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:22:34.291831Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0101223","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0c5b5c47ff9145d6858bbad206d310f16ac277b1ac7c329bb5d83aa39a5ee437","sha256:048a9b3254d50bb72a7c9942c76209fa9c82bc253134580478f75fd938584cb4"],"state_sha256":"beff159453c58781272625840d371134bf57632c485c54b3013f0082c924027d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1KH1GtbHt073ejQyA7aQkyc7CJv2z5LhjpHqqaK+hu2AtKDeQYKqSD4/VBnk2PFSYqviwKG9ay/2lx7//L0qDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T15:57:21.111126Z","bundle_sha256":"28bff97e33e059ff52e8fab87339ad5c1cc44fb2ae68ba0582eec840681a9ebe"}}