{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N","short_pith_number":"pith:BXQM4NUG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1409.0522","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2014-09-01T19:45:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"4ddecd95a8ca86a88668737d1a86e892435db640d024006b617fbe7b58021819","abstract_canon_sha256":"008cb567417f8f5ed82b756e9ed83db5b644394e84c93ade03107bfa1247cf61"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0de0ce368665471f99a2341f3c4317db7c7a9b32d9da7738800b930ff5e400d0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1409.0522","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1409.0522","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1409.0522v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.0522","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BXQM4NUGMVDR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BXQM4NUG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1409.0522","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2014-09-01T19:45:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"4ddecd95a8ca86a88668737d1a86e892435db640d024006b617fbe7b58021819","abstract_canon_sha256":"008cb567417f8f5ed82b756e9ed83db5b644394e84c93ade03107bfa1247cf61"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0de0ce368665471f99a2341f3c4317db7c7a9b32d9da7738800b930ff5e400d0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27.571841Z","signature_b64":"RrFOw0E4OA4YxaBEAxKtIcPMT8EA87J7IliT2h1ol4ci0eHBmTZVSyXnrU9VoBSQavPD0dVxRzsVb42kG4JVAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0de0ce368665471f99a2341f3c4317db7c7a9b32d9da7738800b930ff5e400d0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27.571233Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27.571233Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1409.0522","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6jJ0fL9y23cEz9wmvEhnyyAEPBJKU3snz6f69Uy6VKjXN1d76CxGr21YHklF2jqZ70tnabrn89nm0vm0h547BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T09:39:52.777398Z"},"content_sha256":"4d44664fe5fd9465e259c3fab21d7f0d68de7b2bcc6c046c0ed307f3927bbd5b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4d44664fe5fd9465e259c3fab21d7f0d68de7b2bcc6c046c0ed307f3927bbd5b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Loudest Gravitational Wave Events","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.HE"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Daniel E. Holz, Hsin-Yu Chen","submitted_at":"2014-09-01T19:45:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"As first emphasized by Bernard Schutz, there exists a universal distribution of signal-to-noise ratios for gravitational wave detection. Because gravitational waves (GWs) are almost impossible to obscure via dust absorption or other astrophysical processes, the strength of the detected signal is dictated solely by the emission strength and the distance to the source. Assuming that the space density of an arbitrary population of GW sources does not evolve, we show explicitly that the distribution of detected signal-to-noise (SNR) values depends solely on the detection threshold; it is independe"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.0522","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UVZSLHDOCjn9b72Ykek0PudaPUk4XTOUGSfKkM6mscisAAH41wHgIFCJ3+l8nmMGMTTTpoXvu3SVOEAIwGNbAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T09:39:52.778081Z"},"content_sha256":"2dc3f80594d2de23c14152b4b84e6dadcbab0ef7532c0b128899c1ee258be36d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2dc3f80594d2de23c14152b4b84e6dadcbab0ef7532c0b128899c1ee258be36d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-10T09:39:52Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNCGQPTYQYX3N","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"008cb567417f8f5ed82b756e9ed83db5b644394e84c93ade03107bfa1247cf61","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2014-09-01T19:45:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"4ddecd95a8ca86a88668737d1a86e892435db640d024006b617fbe7b58021819"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1409.0522","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1409.0522","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1409.0522v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.0522","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BXQM4NUGMVDR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BXQM4NUGMVDR7GNC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BXQM4NUG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2dc3f80594d2de23c14152b4b84e6dadcbab0ef7532c0b128899c1ee258be36d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As first emphasized by Bernard Schutz, there exists a universal distribution of signal-to-noise ratios for gravitational wave detection. Because gravitational waves (GWs) are almost impossible to obscure via dust absorption or other astrophysical processes, the strength of the detected signal is dictated solely by the emission strength and the distance to the source. Assuming that the space density of an arbitrary population of GW sources does not evolve, we show explicitly that the distribution of detected signal-to-noise (SNR) values depends solely on the detection threshold; it is independe","authors_text":"Daniel E. Holz, Hsin-Yu Chen","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.HE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2014-09-01T19:45:10Z","title":"The Loudest Gravitational Wave Events"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.0522","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4d44664fe5fd9465e259c3fab21d7f0d68de7b2bcc6c046c0ed307f3927bbd5b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"008cb567417f8f5ed82b756e9ed83db5b644394e84c93ade03107bfa1247cf61","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2014-09-01T19:45:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"4ddecd95a8ca86a88668737d1a86e892435db640d024006b617fbe7b58021819"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1409.0522","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"0de0ce368665471f99a2341f3c4317db7c7a9b32d9da7738800b930ff5e400d0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0de0ce368665471f99a2341f3c4317db7c7a9b32d9da7738800b930ff5e400d0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27.571233Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27.571233Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RrFOw0E4OA4YxaBEAxKtIcPMT8EA87J7IliT2h1ol4ci0eHBmTZVSyXnrU9VoBSQavPD0dVxRzsVb42kG4JVAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:27.571841Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1409.0522","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4d44664fe5fd9465e259c3fab21d7f0d68de7b2bcc6c046c0ed307f3927bbd5b","sha256:2dc3f80594d2de23c14152b4b84e6dadcbab0ef7532c0b128899c1ee258be36d"],"state_sha256":"b95b129ee0c8642c2b0579b7dad3e59b45dd6e093e5531cb7a562ca715859574"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p4hgembZ8TKOpubNuWji3TCTRHtSsl1y7IRL8JuV7d/sqW11Lm5BKHvLxtdW2iL9rvX6AdrOdOhHNj7ihcxtAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T09:39:52.781656Z","bundle_sha256":"edba0ea3c57dbfdc6a36ecd9416cd6f7434f56145fe3945b24ff0e0d8c84ad2c"}}