{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U","short_pith_number":"pith:BZYSHUNI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.08284","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-01-14T18:00:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bc810b204f15ec3869cb8bc2bdc45d1a7a49cd6244f8841096de1475d535b3b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"aec687e8cd9c021d5ee4a864739540dd3340f962eb33139ad770d008d163586f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0e7123d1a80f2c3f688fab45ab79f2d5098d2b088d1c513a16f128079e0ba33f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2501.08284","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.08284","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.08284v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.08284","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BZYSHUNIB4WD","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BZYSHUNIB4WD62EP","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BZYSHUNI","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.08284","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-01-14T18:00:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bc810b204f15ec3869cb8bc2bdc45d1a7a49cd6244f8841096de1475d535b3b8","abstract_canon_sha256":"aec687e8cd9c021d5ee4a864739540dd3340f962eb33139ad770d008d163586f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"0e7123d1a80f2c3f688fab45ab79f2d5098d2b088d1c513a16f128079e0ba33f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19.980343Z","signature_b64":"jeQ8a4zr87Lf+Z+smBUbdJJ9/lWkxyk2A87d4WTXYxOAHHAcwgUYZD9zFKmKOE3AMzUwHnU/bZtscWhkBF6YBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"0e7123d1a80f2c3f688fab45ab79f2d5098d2b088d1c513a16f128079e0ba33f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19.979903Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19.979903Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2501.08284","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"x8QDjWPB4EADx2E57mJYF3Cx3f6NwC6bO2d568YtpFOV8yNvgl6KE5WpiUZ5+L5Gn5Nof0Oa6TKDgzPKqUHMBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-13T13:07:27.643871Z"},"content_sha256":"096b00a1c7f6d3b5ebd0fe9674aa008a88dffa192e1327a0cb67ba9843079450","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:096b00a1c7f6d3b5ebd0fe9674aa008a88dffa192e1327a0cb67ba9843079450"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"AfriHate: A Multilingual Collection of Hate Speech and Abusive Language Datasets for African Languages","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Abigail Oppong, Abinew Ali Ayele, Andiswa Bukula, Chiamaka Ijeoma Chukwuneke, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Ebrahim Chekol Jibril, Elyas Abdi Ismail, Esubalew Alemneh, Hagos Tesfahun Gebremichael, Ibrahim Said Ahmad, Idris Abdulmumin, Lilian D. A. Wanzare, Lukman Jibril Aliyu, Meriem Beloucif, Nedjma Ousidhoum, Nelson Odhiambo Onyango, Oumaima Hourrane, Paul R\\\"ottger, Rooweither Mabuya, Salomey Osei, Saminu Mohammad Aliyu, Samuel Rutunda, Seid Muhie Yimam, Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad, Tadesse Destaw Belay, Tadesse Kebede Guge, Tesfa Tegegne Asfaw","submitted_at":"2025-01-14T18:00:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"Hate speech and abusive language are global phenomena that need socio-cultural background knowledge to be understood, identified, and moderated. However, in many regions of the Global South, there have been several documented occurrences of (1) absence of moderation and (2) censorship due to the reliance on keyword spotting out of context. Further, high-profile individuals have frequently been at the center of the moderation process, while large and targeted hate speech campaigns against minorities have been overlooked. These limitations are mainly due to the lack of high-quality data in the l"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.08284","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2501.08284/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"k9wVB4rRCMjkHNQ4VuLT242XX7qwS75Lt8mJyETZFuOQ0J8vBs+KMN/nuW96aaXO+EWy2HzUwUrCrZYL4jniBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-13T13:07:27.644245Z"},"content_sha256":"9ab51ce2ddc6392b4b5ce3787100c49c7e9bc91a8a6fb46b0377b892d7357e87","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9ab51ce2ddc6392b4b5ce3787100c49c7e9bc91a8a6fb46b0377b892d7357e87"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-13T13:07:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:BZYSHUNIB4WD62EPVNC2W6PS2U","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aec687e8cd9c021d5ee4a864739540dd3340f962eb33139ad770d008d163586f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-01-14T18:00:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"bc810b204f15ec3869cb8bc2bdc45d1a7a49cd6244f8841096de1475d535b3b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.08284","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.08284","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.08284v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.08284","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"BZYSHUNIB4WD","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"BZYSHUNIB4WD62EP","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"BZYSHUNI","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9ab51ce2ddc6392b4b5ce3787100c49c7e9bc91a8a6fb46b0377b892d7357e87","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2501.08284/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Hate speech and abusive language are global phenomena that need socio-cultural background knowledge to be understood, identified, and moderated. However, in many regions of the Global South, there have been several documented occurrences of (1) absence of moderation and (2) censorship due to the reliance on keyword spotting out of context. Further, high-profile individuals have frequently been at the center of the moderation process, while large and targeted hate speech campaigns against minorities have been overlooked. These limitations are mainly due to the lack of high-quality data in the l","authors_text":"Abigail Oppong, Abinew Ali Ayele, Andiswa Bukula, Chiamaka Ijeoma Chukwuneke, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Ebrahim Chekol Jibril, Elyas Abdi Ismail, Esubalew Alemneh, Hagos Tesfahun Gebremichael, Ibrahim Said Ahmad, Idris Abdulmumin, Lilian D. A. Wanzare, Lukman Jibril Aliyu, Meriem Beloucif, Nedjma Ousidhoum, Nelson Odhiambo Onyango, Oumaima Hourrane, Paul R\\\"ottger, Rooweither Mabuya, Salomey Osei, Saminu Mohammad Aliyu, Samuel Rutunda, Seid Muhie Yimam, Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad, Tadesse Destaw Belay, Tadesse Kebede Guge, Tesfa Tegegne Asfaw","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-01-14T18:00:07Z","title":"AfriHate: A Multilingual Collection of Hate Speech and Abusive Language Datasets for African Languages"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.08284","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:096b00a1c7f6d3b5ebd0fe9674aa008a88dffa192e1327a0cb67ba9843079450","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aec687e8cd9c021d5ee4a864739540dd3340f962eb33139ad770d008d163586f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-01-14T18:00:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"bc810b204f15ec3869cb8bc2bdc45d1a7a49cd6244f8841096de1475d535b3b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.08284","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"0e7123d1a80f2c3f688fab45ab79f2d5098d2b088d1c513a16f128079e0ba33f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"0e7123d1a80f2c3f688fab45ab79f2d5098d2b088d1c513a16f128079e0ba33f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19.979903Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19.979903Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jeQ8a4zr87Lf+Z+smBUbdJJ9/lWkxyk2A87d4WTXYxOAHHAcwgUYZD9zFKmKOE3AMzUwHnU/bZtscWhkBF6YBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:01:19.980343Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2501.08284","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:096b00a1c7f6d3b5ebd0fe9674aa008a88dffa192e1327a0cb67ba9843079450","sha256:9ab51ce2ddc6392b4b5ce3787100c49c7e9bc91a8a6fb46b0377b892d7357e87"],"state_sha256":"87b151d0793858d078f5db2f239497568415816ad06e33144e074a04f55395a1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SnigzvJsDyqics/PMp70T79gtkZPJLQygkCpl7BudYE+If/arf6EKXL5+rqxfBYmQCaPJa8JL+2yzUOHMU3UDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-13T13:07:27.646240Z","bundle_sha256":"470cb21ae824a8c4960dcc1ade79e05a92d957e77125082b8ce1d880702eb64d"}}