{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2018:C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED","short_pith_number":"pith:C2ZMFNEI","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"16b2c2b488d78c1379056aea2bc95820eaa51f6d413d3d7e5b13e05b2cefe87a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1811.12901","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Optimized Portfolio Contracts for Bidding the Cloud","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.NI"],"primary_cat":"cs.DC","authors_text":"Arnob Ghosh, Vaneet Aggarwal, Yang Zhang","submitted_at":"2018-11-30T17:25:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"Amazon EC2 provides two most popular pricing schemes--i) the {\\em costly} on-demand instance where the job is guaranteed to be completed, and ii) the {\\em cheap} spot instance where a job may be interrupted. We consider a user can select a combination of on-demand and spot instances to finish a task. Thus he needs to find the optimal bidding price for the spot-instance, and the portion of the job to be run on the on-demand instance. We formulate the problem as an optimization problem and seek to find the optimal solution. We consider three bidding strategies: one-time requests with expected gu"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.12901","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2018-11-30T17:25:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NI"],"title_canon_sha256":"f031903a4979f7bbcfe809b67096bbb6e4ed84c82f7cde9e3af7fcecffc95197","abstract_canon_sha256":"0144ac51216b19862913bba1a6b0dfb51d8a04a1cf9382626fbb6fdeb67ca40c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:28.221940Z","signature_b64":"RWxKVtfZAc8CLtAJv9vE2T2zWHVjRtNUJZPcy8k1w0VLN5geDY7nOjR3AeXAVq3XIh5mjvVrZfDgR0sYtogvDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"16b2c2b488d78c1379056aea2bc95820eaa51f6d413d3d7e5b13e05b2cefe87a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:28.221152Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:28.221152Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimized Portfolio Contracts for Bidding the Cloud","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.NI"],"primary_cat":"cs.DC","authors_text":"Arnob Ghosh, Vaneet Aggarwal, Yang Zhang","submitted_at":"2018-11-30T17:25:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"Amazon EC2 provides two most popular pricing schemes--i) the {\\em costly} on-demand instance where the job is guaranteed to be completed, and ii) the {\\em cheap} spot instance where a job may be interrupted. We consider a user can select a combination of on-demand and spot instances to finish a task. Thus he needs to find the optimal bidding price for the spot-instance, and the portion of the job to be run on the on-demand instance. We formulate the problem as an optimization problem and seek to find the optimal solution. We consider three bidding strategies: one-time requests with expected gu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.12901","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.12901","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:28.221257+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.12901v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:28.221257+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.12901","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:28.221257+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"C2ZMFNEI26GB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16.446611+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16.446611+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"C2ZMFNEI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16.446611+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED","json":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/C2ZMFNEI"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/C2ZMFNEI","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1811.12901&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/C2ZMFNEI26GBG6IFNLVCXSKYED/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:28.221257+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:28.221257+00:00"}