{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ","short_pith_number":"pith:C3QQSKH6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.06826","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-16T14:52:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"519862890f91ef90dc858a6ab3b7be5a1cd50940024b0db03f575a973c5e23c4","abstract_canon_sha256":"504b1634f863727ef9a31b3e3ef52863574ad0ae18e290421caba6b302dc82c0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"16e10928fe5c48f7e1e13585dac05d2a4f304d64c22e7192c653a0f64c2f1616","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1811.06826","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.06826","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.06826v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.06826","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"C3QQSKH6LREP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"C3QQSKH6LREPPYPB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"C3QQSKH6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.06826","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-16T14:52:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"519862890f91ef90dc858a6ab3b7be5a1cd50940024b0db03f575a973c5e23c4","abstract_canon_sha256":"504b1634f863727ef9a31b3e3ef52863574ad0ae18e290421caba6b302dc82c0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"16e10928fe5c48f7e1e13585dac05d2a4f304d64c22e7192c653a0f64c2f1616","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.788641Z","signature_b64":"SCL4rFGxKbQm/Vts5C+qImGzAJda9Sgv8G/3srinVDVfSkFZkSj9X/egI+MjGCKkEDFlLm7L2LrWdw3rHhKGBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"16e10928fe5c48f7e1e13585dac05d2a4f304d64c22e7192c653a0f64c2f1616","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.788182Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.788182Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1811.06826","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wmFr2LK7Q7wkhZbya6yCzQ0RDEtdsSbFdsptVVdPeBRRWD0pPvGo+ux2mMgtjmW1TE2ik7WdnXyhzovcihvSAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T13:07:21.111576Z"},"content_sha256":"28a2a70e3bab09a8e014afeac2601258b54f0722e2c912ab07d969c4e220a740","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:28a2a70e3bab09a8e014afeac2601258b54f0722e2c912ab07d969c4e220a740"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Overcoming the rate-distance barrier of quantum key distribution without using quantum repeaters","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Andrew J. Shields, James F. Dynes, Marco Lucamarini, Zhiliang Yuan","submitted_at":"2018-11-16T14:52:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two distant parties to share encryption keys with security based on physical laws. Experimentally, it has been implemented with optical means, achieving key rates of 1.26 Megabit/s over 50 kilometres (km) of standard optical fibre and 1.16 bit/hour over 404 km of ultralow-loss fibre in a measurement-device-independent configuration. Increasing the bit rate and range of QKD is a formidable, but important, challenge. A related target, currently considered unfeasible without quantum repeaters, is overcoming the fundamental rate-distance limit of point-to-poin"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.06826","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0Bl6fOGavGaD8hA1WyPtZgFuuA0ernVr+7ASGwtfkTZtO4AswkKA2e2A6dZDyEinUqRHk31r9RANWk1gCYO7Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T13:07:21.112237Z"},"content_sha256":"00b82bc2a53d940186631ab21db30c8acd5ec91ca740910fd4a21fa1cc626100","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:00b82bc2a53d940186631ab21db30c8acd5ec91ca740910fd4a21fa1cc626100"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T13:07:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:C3QQSKH6LREPPYPBGWC5VQC5FJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"504b1634f863727ef9a31b3e3ef52863574ad0ae18e290421caba6b302dc82c0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-16T14:52:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"519862890f91ef90dc858a6ab3b7be5a1cd50940024b0db03f575a973c5e23c4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.06826","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.06826","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.06826v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.06826","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"C3QQSKH6LREP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"C3QQSKH6LREPPYPB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"C3QQSKH6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:00b82bc2a53d940186631ab21db30c8acd5ec91ca740910fd4a21fa1cc626100","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two distant parties to share encryption keys with security based on physical laws. Experimentally, it has been implemented with optical means, achieving key rates of 1.26 Megabit/s over 50 kilometres (km) of standard optical fibre and 1.16 bit/hour over 404 km of ultralow-loss fibre in a measurement-device-independent configuration. Increasing the bit rate and range of QKD is a formidable, but important, challenge. A related target, currently considered unfeasible without quantum repeaters, is overcoming the fundamental rate-distance limit of point-to-poin","authors_text":"Andrew J. Shields, James F. Dynes, Marco Lucamarini, Zhiliang Yuan","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-16T14:52:41Z","title":"Overcoming the rate-distance barrier of quantum key distribution without using quantum repeaters"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.06826","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:28a2a70e3bab09a8e014afeac2601258b54f0722e2c912ab07d969c4e220a740","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"504b1634f863727ef9a31b3e3ef52863574ad0ae18e290421caba6b302dc82c0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-16T14:52:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"519862890f91ef90dc858a6ab3b7be5a1cd50940024b0db03f575a973c5e23c4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.06826","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"16e10928fe5c48f7e1e13585dac05d2a4f304d64c22e7192c653a0f64c2f1616","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"16e10928fe5c48f7e1e13585dac05d2a4f304d64c22e7192c653a0f64c2f1616","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.788182Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.788182Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"SCL4rFGxKbQm/Vts5C+qImGzAJda9Sgv8G/3srinVDVfSkFZkSj9X/egI+MjGCKkEDFlLm7L2LrWdw3rHhKGBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:33.788641Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1811.06826","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:28a2a70e3bab09a8e014afeac2601258b54f0722e2c912ab07d969c4e220a740","sha256:00b82bc2a53d940186631ab21db30c8acd5ec91ca740910fd4a21fa1cc626100"],"state_sha256":"5b5476d0dc6661aa3e3babcd5e310fa90a231aa8fcefe6a691ad2e027a9bb2c6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SSxS3De/oGb7lJkh0isJ24seTzwuZttNGDDwBQOhV1d9zoAMrFtZohKMQ6lYCDTtU6yAn6xplw6yKUz66uvSCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T13:07:21.115375Z","bundle_sha256":"10f77c0c0b99b02ec53add932852b56e017064a8901fb494b659ac62f1c599df"}}