{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3","short_pith_number":"pith:C72KPP2S","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1608.04563","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-08-16T12:10:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"54c128c43a2098492c57955daf5138525aadd84b21d8111fdd278f85cf7e4fd6","abstract_canon_sha256":"38d5d76a795cbc05b06db79d66bac575084a10173cd14910b0300db4c4265d30"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"17f4a7bf52f015e1e051863642c27326da0f739409ef4781a7458a35bdcae10b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1608.04563","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1608.04563","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1608.04563v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1608.04563","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"C72KPP2S6AK6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"C72KPP2S6AK6DYCR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"C72KPP2S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1608.04563","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-08-16T12:10:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"54c128c43a2098492c57955daf5138525aadd84b21d8111fdd278f85cf7e4fd6","abstract_canon_sha256":"38d5d76a795cbc05b06db79d66bac575084a10173cd14910b0300db4c4265d30"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"17f4a7bf52f015e1e051863642c27326da0f739409ef4781a7458a35bdcae10b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36.843356Z","signature_b64":"2wh2x2HDJDTmDy1RE/q1iYzrNKyw5fBJwgrYdEuljG8unYaNdIcLnYEFOVrkvDsEZOL7fsXxWSJAnhVFXXpFBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"17f4a7bf52f015e1e051863642c27326da0f739409ef4781a7458a35bdcae10b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36.842672Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36.842672Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1608.04563","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MAcUtfdqatrM42B+kuqUgsWocT75Gicb1MK6Xsn+X3EIxh/yBhrNvSfLPLNSBjRipBWCEDWqWMnzsvXsno0rDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T16:43:22.691435Z"},"content_sha256":"ef2235866418bde3bf179aec2d21b33064a6a8c6d796ded93176d33e23c1ae65","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ef2235866418bde3bf179aec2d21b33064a6a8c6d796ded93176d33e23c1ae65"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"SALVE: Server Authentication with Location VErification","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Aanjhan Ranganathan, Claudio Soriente, Der-Yeuan Yu, Ramya Jayaram Masti, Srdjan Capkun","submitted_at":"2016-08-16T12:10:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Location Service (LCS) proposed by the telecommunication industry is an architecture that allows the location of mobile devices to be accessed in various applications. We explore the use of LCS in location-enhanced server authentication, which traditionally relies on certificates. Given recent incidents involving certificate authorities, various techniques to strengthen server authentication were proposed. They focus on improving the certificate validation process, such as pinning, revocation, or multi-path probing. In this paper, we propose using the server's geographic location as a seco"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1608.04563","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nPs8bvzH01FawpXfLkR990o4B5+Hgzhc6YwA4uqp7yzG/UU+31J7pxamWwOfG7JPZg0osrn2iiI5dd1mMEpDDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T16:43:22.691787Z"},"content_sha256":"9d5015b4fa4baf3b52567bed15232f3c172347e3a925a646cd56352b48d6b61c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9d5015b4fa4baf3b52567bed15232f3c172347e3a925a646cd56352b48d6b61c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-09T16:43:22Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:C72KPP2S6AK6DYCRQY3EFQTTE3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"38d5d76a795cbc05b06db79d66bac575084a10173cd14910b0300db4c4265d30","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-08-16T12:10:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"54c128c43a2098492c57955daf5138525aadd84b21d8111fdd278f85cf7e4fd6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1608.04563","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1608.04563","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1608.04563v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1608.04563","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"C72KPP2S6AK6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"C72KPP2S6AK6DYCR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"C72KPP2S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9d5015b4fa4baf3b52567bed15232f3c172347e3a925a646cd56352b48d6b61c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Location Service (LCS) proposed by the telecommunication industry is an architecture that allows the location of mobile devices to be accessed in various applications. We explore the use of LCS in location-enhanced server authentication, which traditionally relies on certificates. Given recent incidents involving certificate authorities, various techniques to strengthen server authentication were proposed. They focus on improving the certificate validation process, such as pinning, revocation, or multi-path probing. In this paper, we propose using the server's geographic location as a seco","authors_text":"Aanjhan Ranganathan, Claudio Soriente, Der-Yeuan Yu, Ramya Jayaram Masti, Srdjan Capkun","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-08-16T12:10:57Z","title":"SALVE: Server Authentication with Location VErification"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1608.04563","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ef2235866418bde3bf179aec2d21b33064a6a8c6d796ded93176d33e23c1ae65","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"38d5d76a795cbc05b06db79d66bac575084a10173cd14910b0300db4c4265d30","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2016-08-16T12:10:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"54c128c43a2098492c57955daf5138525aadd84b21d8111fdd278f85cf7e4fd6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1608.04563","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"17f4a7bf52f015e1e051863642c27326da0f739409ef4781a7458a35bdcae10b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"17f4a7bf52f015e1e051863642c27326da0f739409ef4781a7458a35bdcae10b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36.842672Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36.842672Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"2wh2x2HDJDTmDy1RE/q1iYzrNKyw5fBJwgrYdEuljG8unYaNdIcLnYEFOVrkvDsEZOL7fsXxWSJAnhVFXXpFBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:36.843356Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1608.04563","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ef2235866418bde3bf179aec2d21b33064a6a8c6d796ded93176d33e23c1ae65","sha256:9d5015b4fa4baf3b52567bed15232f3c172347e3a925a646cd56352b48d6b61c"],"state_sha256":"82605b982a815fa5aaecca3b1b033e7d41e1dc788c70c9b4076eaf37aa38484e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kKXVuPeVC4qffBYE9mddgVdmq/mA4ZI3bKKRVzeyO4zoaB2FLw/zoGKrWd39wXD7No/N4FTyJ6dHD4FFy08kCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T16:43:22.694048Z","bundle_sha256":"37d3c0562c4d4912175babf38306a562373452d63bb05b5261c317a8337f854b"}}