{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT","short_pith_number":"pith:CAYKT2BR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.15045","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2025-07-20T16:58:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"title_canon_sha256":"85e4cb6a53ae466719671f96af0ed05c05c13184c8b0ea8f920ff7a6a46bf1eb","abstract_canon_sha256":"fbe3630a33b2e130ba921695a41d15ab34f8cf7801b64242afb8f0078f9b6d30"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1030a9e8313ec794a1334f06ead34cbcc96e0f29d3a8b4d0e8954ce45648868c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2507.15045","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.15045","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.15045v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.15045","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CAYKT2BRH3DZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJT","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CAYKT2BR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.15045","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2025-07-20T16:58:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"title_canon_sha256":"85e4cb6a53ae466719671f96af0ed05c05c13184c8b0ea8f920ff7a6a46bf1eb","abstract_canon_sha256":"fbe3630a33b2e130ba921695a41d15ab34f8cf7801b64242afb8f0078f9b6d30"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1030a9e8313ec794a1334f06ead34cbcc96e0f29d3a8b4d0e8954ce45648868c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17.569081Z","signature_b64":"Hvm2LfS82HW4SwUJqypoN6dH3gIrsUzeV8bxMjtDSRaAtoxvMMJvbg5WtcGN6nHrHecC/WCsycTF8UQhq8+9Cg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1030a9e8313ec794a1334f06ead34cbcc96e0f29d3a8b4d0e8954ce45648868c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17.568615Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17.568615Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2507.15045","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QsMWIJmWZvnN5ptASxmfO7UsHwCWzxzk+dPqG4bwN6rXqZIA2qQiTFa9QNjbIeqQMxQRDM1VG7U9EgxqXSxTDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T19:35:20.299802Z"},"content_sha256":"828f10568eff66db8f10dd8a6425db205e8655acb39be257dcc7fdb4b17d6b63","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:828f10568eff66db8f10dd8a6425db205e8655acb39be257dcc7fdb4b17d6b63"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Change point detection in ERA5 ground temperature time series","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.data-an"],"primary_cat":"stat.AP","authors_text":"Ewan T. Phillips, Fatemeh Aghaei A., Holger Kantz","submitted_at":"2025-07-20T16:58:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"We analyze the ERA5 reanalysis 2-meter temperature time series\n  on all land\n  grid points using change point analysis. We fit two linear\n  slopes to the data with the constraint that they merge at the point in time\n  where the slope changes. We compare such fits to a standard\n  linear regression in two ways: We use Akaike's and the\n  Bayesian\n  information\n  criteria for model selection, and we test against the null hypothesis of\n  no change of the trend value. For those grid points where the\n  dual linear fit is superior, we construct maps of the time when the trend\n  changes, and of the war"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.15045","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2507.15045/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"g1nOTmVva74D26GkGbykXzdiY5tqafb5gRtmBSV/oOpih6EH3DJ7fvq+p82U+cp8+NurPrW3yqNPSoqJFCCVBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T19:35:20.300969Z"},"content_sha256":"260e7d42c9c3f6a89f10c58565d59d5d4b2c7fba0d76c6b306a2bc42ef8e204a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:260e7d42c9c3f6a89f10c58565d59d5d4b2c7fba0d76c6b306a2bc42ef8e204a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-13T19:35:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJTJ4DOVU2MXT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fbe3630a33b2e130ba921695a41d15ab34f8cf7801b64242afb8f0078f9b6d30","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2025-07-20T16:58:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"85e4cb6a53ae466719671f96af0ed05c05c13184c8b0ea8f920ff7a6a46bf1eb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.15045","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.15045","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.15045v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.15045","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CAYKT2BRH3DZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CAYKT2BRH3DZJIJT","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CAYKT2BR","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:260e7d42c9c3f6a89f10c58565d59d5d4b2c7fba0d76c6b306a2bc42ef8e204a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2507.15045/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We analyze the ERA5 reanalysis 2-meter temperature time series\n  on all land\n  grid points using change point analysis. We fit two linear\n  slopes to the data with the constraint that they merge at the point in time\n  where the slope changes. We compare such fits to a standard\n  linear regression in two ways: We use Akaike's and the\n  Bayesian\n  information\n  criteria for model selection, and we test against the null hypothesis of\n  no change of the trend value. For those grid points where the\n  dual linear fit is superior, we construct maps of the time when the trend\n  changes, and of the war","authors_text":"Ewan T. Phillips, Fatemeh Aghaei A., Holger Kantz","cross_cats":["physics.data-an"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2025-07-20T16:58:34Z","title":"Change point detection in ERA5 ground temperature time series"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.15045","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:828f10568eff66db8f10dd8a6425db205e8655acb39be257dcc7fdb4b17d6b63","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fbe3630a33b2e130ba921695a41d15ab34f8cf7801b64242afb8f0078f9b6d30","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.data-an"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2025-07-20T16:58:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"85e4cb6a53ae466719671f96af0ed05c05c13184c8b0ea8f920ff7a6a46bf1eb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.15045","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"1030a9e8313ec794a1334f06ead34cbcc96e0f29d3a8b4d0e8954ce45648868c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1030a9e8313ec794a1334f06ead34cbcc96e0f29d3a8b4d0e8954ce45648868c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17.568615Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17.568615Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Hvm2LfS82HW4SwUJqypoN6dH3gIrsUzeV8bxMjtDSRaAtoxvMMJvbg5WtcGN6nHrHecC/WCsycTF8UQhq8+9Cg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:17.569081Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2507.15045","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:828f10568eff66db8f10dd8a6425db205e8655acb39be257dcc7fdb4b17d6b63","sha256:260e7d42c9c3f6a89f10c58565d59d5d4b2c7fba0d76c6b306a2bc42ef8e204a"],"state_sha256":"64e5552360743e0a0b25eca6e195667d2594954bc9d5a5aaec78ae5db8f4c2f9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gLdQOPyS0P4tCENZZ/oTq6alcqYXZKOwDKOEnF2DW069Eh4JtfuvQZdEdSS/0YQCgf5QFp57r1WoIJyPHp+LBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T19:35:20.309563Z","bundle_sha256":"48f29299b51112b1227e8422868494eac31cd0877af2cfa1091afd00a36ace56"}}