{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F","short_pith_number":"pith:CB2B2FNK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1012.2696","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2010-12-13T11:26:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"7264f689aa58b70427b0307cfa43ef8866bc9faad7d3755ebe216f31a2a2caab","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c2aa1521abcb9e943c98648d84abd34a88334c244c9be54680244a1c7234209"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"10741d15aa561adcf250678928785ee1577bbe0d9c60c7cb48761f1c07e1fea6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1012.2696","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1012.2696","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1012.2696v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1012.2696","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CB2B2FNKKYNN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CB2B2FNK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1012.2696","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2010-12-13T11:26:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"7264f689aa58b70427b0307cfa43ef8866bc9faad7d3755ebe216f31a2a2caab","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c2aa1521abcb9e943c98648d84abd34a88334c244c9be54680244a1c7234209"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"10741d15aa561adcf250678928785ee1577bbe0d9c60c7cb48761f1c07e1fea6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.218876Z","signature_b64":"ztqGL8saGJNf/DZQYcZPozTq8B3YLPeQC8Dvcl+hY7jwi9MgJOjG0aUu/KIgs0hRLfbKEvFRgq/U7FFEoVwxBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"10741d15aa561adcf250678928785ee1577bbe0d9c60c7cb48761f1c07e1fea6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.218343Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.218343Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1012.2696","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VIIvdlyNfyCWo1F98W/gdmVPxV1eLR2ppkQZgKilL6ZqhaX5JiRRu5FqCF5dj+f+UI4UG55gKRYEkrN7ONe6AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:28:49.452134Z"},"content_sha256":"7119bf6e3a9644b38b30ece4948e620b6e99f776bd44ab517ad6127535fcd85f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7119bf6e3a9644b38b30ece4948e620b6e99f776bd44ab517ad6127535fcd85f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A micromechanical model of collapsing quicksand","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.comp-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Dirk Kadau, Hans J. Herrmann, Jose S. Andrade Jr.","submitted_at":"2010-12-13T11:26:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"The discrete element method constitutes a general class of modeling techniques to simulate the microscopic behavior (i.e. at the particle scale) of granular/soil materials. We present a contact dynamics method, accounting for the cohesive nature of fine powders and soils. A modification of the model adjusted to capture the essential physical processes underlying the dynamics of generation and collapse of loose systems is able to simulate \"quicksand\" behavior of a collapsing soil material, in particular of a specific type, which we call \"living quicksand\". We investigate the penetration behavio"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.2696","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qC+Uco/ToZykMRneLH905rux4WAdxv/shrMTfec34fw/Nc5/mzMSCHhacwCpjDgXKUKlq1cMKd12cQm8qytqDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:28:49.452504Z"},"content_sha256":"16e1f7c0de463b8899360b157cbe1a6548f244d1ae507ed7844d69e0c2a7ac60","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:16e1f7c0de463b8899360b157cbe1a6548f244d1ae507ed7844d69e0c2a7ac60"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T07:28:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQM6ESQ6C64F","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c2aa1521abcb9e943c98648d84abd34a88334c244c9be54680244a1c7234209","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2010-12-13T11:26:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"7264f689aa58b70427b0307cfa43ef8866bc9faad7d3755ebe216f31a2a2caab"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1012.2696","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1012.2696","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1012.2696v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1012.2696","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CB2B2FNKKYNN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CB2B2FNKKYNNZ4SQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CB2B2FNK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:16e1f7c0de463b8899360b157cbe1a6548f244d1ae507ed7844d69e0c2a7ac60","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The discrete element method constitutes a general class of modeling techniques to simulate the microscopic behavior (i.e. at the particle scale) of granular/soil materials. We present a contact dynamics method, accounting for the cohesive nature of fine powders and soils. A modification of the model adjusted to capture the essential physical processes underlying the dynamics of generation and collapse of loose systems is able to simulate \"quicksand\" behavior of a collapsing soil material, in particular of a specific type, which we call \"living quicksand\". We investigate the penetration behavio","authors_text":"Dirk Kadau, Hans J. Herrmann, Jose S. Andrade Jr.","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.comp-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2010-12-13T11:26:05Z","title":"A micromechanical model of collapsing quicksand"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.2696","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7119bf6e3a9644b38b30ece4948e620b6e99f776bd44ab517ad6127535fcd85f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c2aa1521abcb9e943c98648d84abd34a88334c244c9be54680244a1c7234209","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","cond-mat.stat-mech","physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2010-12-13T11:26:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"7264f689aa58b70427b0307cfa43ef8866bc9faad7d3755ebe216f31a2a2caab"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1012.2696","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"10741d15aa561adcf250678928785ee1577bbe0d9c60c7cb48761f1c07e1fea6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"10741d15aa561adcf250678928785ee1577bbe0d9c60c7cb48761f1c07e1fea6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.218343Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.218343Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ztqGL8saGJNf/DZQYcZPozTq8B3YLPeQC8Dvcl+hY7jwi9MgJOjG0aUu/KIgs0hRLfbKEvFRgq/U7FFEoVwxBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.218876Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1012.2696","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7119bf6e3a9644b38b30ece4948e620b6e99f776bd44ab517ad6127535fcd85f","sha256:16e1f7c0de463b8899360b157cbe1a6548f244d1ae507ed7844d69e0c2a7ac60"],"state_sha256":"c88a04b0f8254f8eb3aa6d4475d078fe1eb5f91f287713109958e5b9cd3cba32"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sWVMCFOenKPFABQBKIqKSG5k0MfWdDAxFKdCxhmG+uvbSw0TdKhO4ZL4bzVMpcEoet3OVT5552Qg4OJQ7nnTCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:28:49.454511Z","bundle_sha256":"01641552da83af251098b360a0848cbae53b66afe2d07c2ddf6120f2363f8809"}}