{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS","short_pith_number":"pith:CBXVWUUW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2305.02823","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2023-05-04T13:39:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC","q-fin.GN"],"title_canon_sha256":"a5d24b8ad9fbaf4470c8ba5be49005471186b37d87595677ddcc3659837133e0","abstract_canon_sha256":"42310b18f02285bab122410b91e02b245b2fb19edb87851d32a6d80406f15fa7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"106f5b5296aecbd49f3e52afaddb6194ba6068f530cb6855748522c0b6ab5649","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2305.02823","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2305.02823","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2305.02823v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.02823","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CBXVWUUWV3F5","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CBXVWUUW","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2305.02823","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2023-05-04T13:39:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC","q-fin.GN"],"title_canon_sha256":"a5d24b8ad9fbaf4470c8ba5be49005471186b37d87595677ddcc3659837133e0","abstract_canon_sha256":"42310b18f02285bab122410b91e02b245b2fb19edb87851d32a6d80406f15fa7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"106f5b5296aecbd49f3e52afaddb6194ba6068f530cb6855748522c0b6ab5649","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22.148515Z","signature_b64":"7+gsiqqH4NLvbzodAXNI0Ybjh/2XAmZqaUFSCyZeruc/kpuaepKngX5yuMosG0VZAvavNV4M8GVV3aeMFVc/AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"106f5b5296aecbd49f3e52afaddb6194ba6068f530cb6855748522c0b6ab5649","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22.147982Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22.147982Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2305.02823","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"U2/e3VTvvMDEe8+n6Vl6l0t3BExruf51vKPv9Y8So13xsDT4BGwE17MOfW+d99D53tsAo3/Yujbm1KMu9GwiCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T07:03:30.765875Z"},"content_sha256":"a108985562196e00624e2eed18022dd610f22853f2ca6c374f4c2ee4185032ff","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a108985562196e00624e2eed18022dd610f22853f2ca6c374f4c2ee4185032ff"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Surveying Generative AI's Economic Expectations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-fin.EC","q-fin.GN"],"primary_cat":"econ.GN","authors_text":"Leland Bybee","submitted_at":"2023-05-04T13:39:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"I introduce a survey of economic expectations formed by querying a large language model (LLM)'s expectations of various financial and macroeconomic variables based on a sample of news articles from the Wall Street Journal between 1984 and 2021. I find the resulting expectations closely match existing surveys including the Survey of Professional Forecasters (SPF), the American Association of Individual Investors, and the Duke CFO Survey. Importantly, I document that LLM based expectations match many of the deviations from full-information rational expectations exhibited in these existing survey"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2305.02823","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2305.02823/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d7f0qzR77vXnMkox7zsH9WGlFmfug5HHZfO2Nn+QmXBM8hedIG7/l7UqJoryRolGoQVTj5Ch/YBXMqg6FNNlBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T07:03:30.766376Z"},"content_sha256":"2f4cd6332e07cb1c31163adaaa00bc233e62632408a068b1f4eab4ce76ead11a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2f4cd6332e07cb1c31163adaaa00bc233e62632408a068b1f4eab4ce76ead11a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-19T07:03:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6KKX23W3BSS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"42310b18f02285bab122410b91e02b245b2fb19edb87851d32a6d80406f15fa7","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC","q-fin.GN"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2023-05-04T13:39:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"a5d24b8ad9fbaf4470c8ba5be49005471186b37d87595677ddcc3659837133e0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2305.02823","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2305.02823","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2305.02823v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.02823","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CBXVWUUWV3F5","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CBXVWUUWV3F5JHZ6","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CBXVWUUW","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2f4cd6332e07cb1c31163adaaa00bc233e62632408a068b1f4eab4ce76ead11a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2305.02823/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"I introduce a survey of economic expectations formed by querying a large language model (LLM)'s expectations of various financial and macroeconomic variables based on a sample of news articles from the Wall Street Journal between 1984 and 2021. I find the resulting expectations closely match existing surveys including the Survey of Professional Forecasters (SPF), the American Association of Individual Investors, and the Duke CFO Survey. Importantly, I document that LLM based expectations match many of the deviations from full-information rational expectations exhibited in these existing survey","authors_text":"Leland Bybee","cross_cats":["q-fin.EC","q-fin.GN"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2023-05-04T13:39:30Z","title":"Surveying Generative AI's Economic Expectations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2305.02823","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a108985562196e00624e2eed18022dd610f22853f2ca6c374f4c2ee4185032ff","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"42310b18f02285bab122410b91e02b245b2fb19edb87851d32a6d80406f15fa7","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC","q-fin.GN"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2023-05-04T13:39:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"a5d24b8ad9fbaf4470c8ba5be49005471186b37d87595677ddcc3659837133e0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2305.02823","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"106f5b5296aecbd49f3e52afaddb6194ba6068f530cb6855748522c0b6ab5649","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"106f5b5296aecbd49f3e52afaddb6194ba6068f530cb6855748522c0b6ab5649","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22.147982Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22.147982Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"7+gsiqqH4NLvbzodAXNI0Ybjh/2XAmZqaUFSCyZeruc/kpuaepKngX5yuMosG0VZAvavNV4M8GVV3aeMFVc/AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:07:22.148515Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2305.02823","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a108985562196e00624e2eed18022dd610f22853f2ca6c374f4c2ee4185032ff","sha256:2f4cd6332e07cb1c31163adaaa00bc233e62632408a068b1f4eab4ce76ead11a"],"state_sha256":"ad0bb01019141bd4e5db2faaf5eadc9d00b4a48fc1d6307f2c00b3fe11a643d7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"73/dq1w/Th/uz1yKcf+KbLtFjzzPnKhEKwl65+agqbvf3LpFp4iJKzOyDLvlwJQYdKZIdR3dxakwbkhZTFLXDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T07:03:30.770604Z","bundle_sha256":"6c5b18c50ad55990271994ebd328f5f0a4e00aa1f5f3b2ab74d84b5749e97dfb"}}