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Rather than originating in scientific fraud, these withdrawals appear to result from contemporary digitization and copyright-management procedures applied anachronistically to historical publications. Through an investigation of the circulation history of Planck 1940 and 1942 philosophical essays, the article shows that republication across multiple formats was a common and legitimate practice within the scientific","authors_text":"Mahdi Khelfaoui, Yves Gingras","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph","physics.soc-ph"],"headline":"Max Planck's 1940s republications of his essays followed standard practices of the time and should not be judged by modern rules against duplicate publication.","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2026-05-17T16:38:32Z","title":"The Curious Case of Max Planck retracted papers. 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